نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران
3 کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران
10.30473/psp.2025.72354.2736
چکیده
همزمان با برخی تحولات جهانی و رواج گردشگری روستایی، در ایران و به‌ویژه در نواحی روستایی اطراف شهرهای بزرگ از چند دهه گذشته خانه‌های دوم یا خانه‌های تعطیلات با هدف گذراندن اوقات‌فراغت شکل گرفته و این روند به‌تدریج شهرهای میانی و کم‌جمعیت‌تر را نیز در برگرفته است. البته مشکلات موجود در شهرها از جمله ترافیک، انواع آلودگی‌ها، وضعیت مسکن و همچنین میل به سرمایه‌گذاری در املاک، منجر به تمایل شهرنشینان در سکونتگاههای روستایی شده و گسترش خانه‌های دوم را به‌دنبال داشته است. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی آسیب‌ها و پیامدهای گسترش خانه‌های دوم در سکونتگاههای پیراشهر بیرجند است. این پژوهش از حیث هدف کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت و روش توصیفی – تحلیلی است. برای سنجش آسیب‌های ایجاد و گسترش خانه‌های دوم در منطقه مورد مطالعه 303 پرسشنامه در 25 روستای پیراشهر بیرجند تکمیل شده‌است؛ سپس با نرم افزارهای SPSS و PLS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. بر پایه یافته‌ها، گسترش خانه‌های دوم و همچنین وجود مالکان غیر بومی به‌مرور زمان برای محیط روستا دارای آثار و پیامدهای منفی است که خود این آثار شاخص‌های محیط‌زیستی، کالبدی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی را در روستاها تحت‌تأثیر قرار داده است. نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن است که میزان رشد خانه‌های دوم در ده ساله اخیر در روستاهای مورد مطالعه روندی افزایشی داشته است. بیشترین آسیب مشاهده‌شده در سکونتگاههای پیراشهری بیرجند در ابعاد اقتصادی است و ابعاد اجتماعی و فرهنگی، زیست‌محیطی، کالبدی. به‌ترتیب در اولویت‌های بعدی قرار می‌گیرند.
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