Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

• ahmad pourahmad ¹
• seyed abbas rajaei ²
• seyed mahmoud haji mirrahimi ³

¹ Professor of the Department of human Geography, University of Tehran, Iran

² Associate Professor Department of Human Geography, University of Tehran, Iran.

³ PhD student in Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tehran, Iran

Abstract

This research was conducted within the metropolitan area of Qom and employs a quantitative method. Data related to building violations concerning parking space deficits from 2012 to 2024 were collected and analyzed in the ArcGIS environment using spatial analysis techniques such as Kernel Density Estimation and Moran’s I spatial correlation index. The findings indicate that Districts 3, 5, and 6 of Qom metropolitan area have the highest number of violations related to parking space deficits. The results of overlapping the violation layer with population density and street width also revealed that violation hotspots are primarily formed in narrow streets and dense urban fabrics, particularly in District 6, which indicates physical strain and unbalanced development. Accordingly, urban management should prevent parking space violations in properties located in narrow streets and dense areas of this district. Additionally, using revenues and fees collected from violations, it should take measures to provide public parking facilities and create public spaces such as local parks to mitigate some of the negative social, economic, and environmental impacts resulting from these violations.

Keywords

• "Building violations"
• "Lack of parking provision"
• "Spatial analysis"
• "Unbalanced physical development"
• "Qom metropolis"