Shahbakhti Rostami; Fatemeh Rostami; Ehsan Jabbari
Abstract
Despite the many capabilities of spatial statistics in modeling and explaining various environmental features and identifying the patterns governing their distribution, the previous studies have considerably neglected these capabilities, especially in the field of water studies. The present study aims ...
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Despite the many capabilities of spatial statistics in modeling and explaining various environmental features and identifying the patterns governing their distribution, the previous studies have considerably neglected these capabilities, especially in the field of water studies. The present study aims to model the patterns governing the distribution of water wells in the Mahidasht watershed in Kermanshah province using spatial statistics. The bases used to identify these patterns are the "Locations" and "Attributes" of the wells, which are performed using five common techniques in spatial statistics, including: Average Nearest neighbor, Getis-Ord General G, Spatial Autocorrelation (Moran I), Cluster and outlier analysis, and Hot spot analysis. Required data were obtained from the Kermanshah Regional Water Company. The results of the present study showed that the pattern governing the dispersion of agricultural wells and the pattern governing the dispersion of high values (high depth of wells) in the Mahidasht watershed do not confirm the null hypothesis and follow the cluster pattern. The general pattern of dispersion of wells in the study area since 1950s to 2000s has changed from a random pattern to the cluster one. Cluster and outlier analyses as well as hotspot analysis indicated that the northern and northeastern parts of the watershed are critical in terms of uncontrolled abstraction of groundwater resources.
abdolhamid nazari; Shahbakhti Rostami; Mostafa Taleshi; masoud khoran
Abstract
In geographical studies based on systemic approach, each area is considered as an open system in which villages and cities are the two main components of the residential system. Villages and cities have structures and functions that evolve through the interaction of the natural environment and human ...
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In geographical studies based on systemic approach, each area is considered as an open system in which villages and cities are the two main components of the residential system. Villages and cities have structures and functions that evolve through the interaction of the natural environment and human groups. These structures and functions in Marivan Township have undergone many changes due to government intervention and policies. Government interventions have taken the form of rural development and post-war reconstruction programs (expansion of communication networks), security, and the strengthening of economic foundations (opening of informal border markets). The aim of the present paper was to investigate the impact of the mentioned policies on the structural-functional changes of rural housing. The present study is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive-analytical in nature, and methodologically based on the positivist approach. The statistical population includes households living in 121 villages with more than 20 households (2016 census) in Marivan Township. The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula in two steps. First, 52 villages were selected by cluster sampling method in proportion to the share of the western and eastern areas of the township, 27 and 24 villages, respectively. Then, out of a total of 6305 households, 307 were selected by simple random sampling. The results showed that the housing in the western areas has undergone more structural and functional changes. According to the t-test, the average difference in changes related to the pattern of construction and form (4.64 units), biological elements (8.99 units) and livelihood (20.69 units) of rural housing in the western area is greater than the eastern part of the township.
Mostafa Taleshi; Shahbakhti Rostami; Esmail Aliakbari; Hamidreza Vejdani
Abstract
The uncontrolled human activities and overuses of land and resources are the main causes of land use changes in a regional scale. The political ecology as a theoretical approach can be applied to shed a light on the quality and rate of human interventions and their impacts on land use system. The process ...
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The uncontrolled human activities and overuses of land and resources are the main causes of land use changes in a regional scale. The political ecology as a theoretical approach can be applied to shed a light on the quality and rate of human interventions and their impacts on land use system. The process of land use change in rural areas of Iran as well as Hamedan county has experienced a fast track. A prominent example of such changes is the expansion of construction in agricultural, garden and pasture lands around the rural settlements in forms of villas, second homes and rural houses extensions. The present study tracks the changes of land use in agricultural lands, pastures, constructions, barren lands and water bodies in peripheral villages of Hamedan city using Landsat imagery during 1998-2017. The applied method to the present study is a descriptive-analytical with an applicable approach which uses both quantitative and qualitative patterns of research. GIS was used for quantitative analysis and creating map layers. For qualitative analysis, the emphasis was on participatory approaches. Then, the obtained data and information were combined, categorized, and ranked using A’WOT method. The results of the study showed that some factors such as: slope, rainfall, soil fertility and rural population changes did not have a significant effect on land use change. Also, contrary to claims, it was indicated that poorer groups of the society are less affective actors of land grabbing and land use changes than the rich groups. Distance from Hamedan city and its surrounding highways have had a significant effect on land cover changes. According to the results of the present research, human factors, especially political factors, power and wealth relations were the most important factors of land use and land cover changes in the study area.
Shahbakhti Rostami
Volume 1, Issue 2 , April 2013, , Pages 55-64
Abstract
During the last couple of decades, some factors such as population growth, need for higher levels of employment, limitations of agriculture sector and search for new activities have necessitated establishing and expanding industrial activities in Iran. An industrial estate, as one of the most suitable ...
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During the last couple of decades, some factors such as population growth, need for higher levels of employment, limitations of agriculture sector and search for new activities have necessitated establishing and expanding industrial activities in Iran. An industrial estate, as one of the most suitable ways of optimal application of geographic space, is a place for the concentration of productive and industrial units. Good decisions about expanding and managing these estates require reliable spatial data. Therefore, to have a proper management and to obtain the organizational objectives of industrial estates in Iran, there is a need to create reliable databases containing spatial data. Implementation of modern information systems such as GIS to storing, analyzing, displaying and updating spatial data related to industrial estates of Iran is an advantage and any delay to apply this technology can lead to increase the executive and managerial costs. Kermanshah is one of 31 provinces of Iran located in west of the country and does have several industrial estates. It seems that establishing an information system based on GIS is a necessity for each. This paper, first introduces the industrial estate of Faraman in Kermanshah city which contains 160 productive and industrial units. Then how a geographic information system is designed and applied to this estate is discussed in details. The methodology of this study comprises: 1- collecting all required spatial data, 2- conducting focus groups include managers and knowledgeable individuals, 3- digitizing required maps, 4- providing a comprehensive list of all possible data and transferring them into a Geo_Database, 5- entering data into computer and 6- linking spatial and aspatial data. Although the final investigation about success of geographic information system for the industrial estate of Faraman has not yet reached enough time, the introductory surveys among managers and executive personnel of the estate indicate a new and better situation of managing the estate when they use GIS. The success of this experience can be shared with other industrial estates of Kermanshah province and even other estates in elsewhere of Iran.
