Payame Noor University Physical Social Planning 2645-5471 11 3 2024 12 21 Landscape Design with an Experiential Aesthetic Approach (Case Study: Babol) Landscape Design with an Experiential Aesthetic Approach (Case Study: Babol) 109 124 11835 10.30473/psp.2025.72754.2743 FA Elmira Rafizadeh Malakshah Ph.D. Student, Department of Urban Development, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Zahra Sadat Saeideh Zarabadi Associate professor, Department of urban development, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Esmaeil Shieh Professor. Department of Urban Development, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2024 11 10 By reviewing the theoretical literature on urban landscape design, aesthetics was identified as one of the most influential factors in achieving desirable urban landscapes. The aesthetic experience in the everyday urban landscape is a process that requires judgment, evaluation, and mutual interaction between citizens and their environment. Therefore, attention to citizens' opinions is essential. The aim of this research is to develop a model of the components affecting the design of the everyday urban landscape, emphasizing aesthetics from the perspective of citizens' experiences as the primary users of their living environment. To achieve this goal, using a pragmatist approach, qualitative data were initially collected through a grounded theory method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sample of 9 experts and 41 citizens of Babol until theoretical saturation was reached. The data were analyzed using MAXQDA software, and based on the grounded theory paradigm, a qualitative model of urban landscape design variables, emphasizing citizens' aesthetic experiences, was developed. Subsequently, to examine the practical application of the model, a quantitative evaluation was conducted. Quantitative data were analyzed using the generalized partial least squares method and SmartPLS software, with a sample of 384 citizens of Babol completing questionnaires. The results showed a significant relationship between the qualitative model and its quantitative validation. A P-value of zero in the relationships between variables confirms the model's significance. By reviewing the theoretical literature on urban landscape design, aesthetics was identified as one of the most influential factors in achieving desirable urban landscapes. The aesthetic experience in the everyday urban landscape is a process that requires judgment, evaluation, and mutual interaction between citizens and their environment. Therefore, attention to citizens' opinions is essential. The aim of this research is to develop a model of the components affecting the design of the everyday urban landscape, emphasizing aesthetics from the perspective of citizens' experiences as the primary users of their living environment. To achieve this goal, using a pragmatist approach, qualitative data were initially collected through a grounded theory method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sample of 9 experts and 41 citizens of Babol until theoretical saturation was reached. The data were analyzed using MAXQDA software, and based on the grounded theory paradigm, a qualitative model of urban landscape design variables, emphasizing citizens' aesthetic experiences, was developed. Subsequently, to examine the practical application of the model, a quantitative evaluation was conducted. Quantitative data were analyzed using the generalized partial least squares method and SmartPLS software, with a sample of 384 citizens of Babol completing questionnaires. The results showed a significant relationship between the qualitative model and its quantitative validation. A P-value of zero in the relationships between variables confirms the model's significance. https://psp.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_11835_85bbb1a316c2fba3d5d02461c4050bc0.pdf