houshmand Ataei; Sadat Hashemi nasab
Volume 1, Issue 2 , April 2013, , Pages 65-80
Abstract
The study of atmospheric and climatic conditions as effective factors on human’s life, comfort and health has resulted in a new scientific branch called human bioclimeteorology or human biometeorology which deals with effects of climatic and atmospheric condition on people. So today, it is important ...
Read More
The study of atmospheric and climatic conditions as effective factors on human’s life, comfort and health has resulted in a new scientific branch called human bioclimeteorology or human biometeorology which deals with effects of climatic and atmospheric condition on people. So today, it is important to study and identify climatic limitations and threatening hazards and being informed of covert attractions and potentials in geographical properties in Yazd Province during different months due to profitability in different urban and provincial plans. So regionalization and potential evaluation of human bioclimatic with climatic factors in different courses and sites can lead us to achieve comfortable environment that results in pleasant or fairly pleasant human’s livelihood and biological activities.
The 19-years data (1991-2009) of 5 synoptic stations and 6 climatologic stations and average of maximum and minimum temperature in Fahrenheit, average of maximum and minimum relative humidity in percentage, average of sunshine hours (real and possible) , and average of wind speed in m/s, for chronological and locality analysis and to provide map of human bioclimatic regions of Yazd Province are applied based on Terjung index. Following analysis of factor and computing comfort and wind-child coefficient of regions were determined using Autocad map software based on altitudinal gradient and the output was transmitted to Arcmap and finally it was turned into map.
In results, there were two warm and cold climatic seasons and also two transition seasons in Yazd Province. During each of these seasons the number of Bioclimatic types of the province would change due to the rule of macro-climatic phenomena on the country’s atmosphere. In this Bioclimatic calendar warm and cold seasons are those in which the climax of temperature properties (increasing or decreasing) will be observed. While transition season is called to the period in which a season is altering to another season. Not only the transition season is not belong to warm or cold seasons but also it possesses pleasant and in some regions, relatively pleasant conditions.
Rahmatolllah Bahrami
Volume 4, Issue 4 , March 2018, , Pages 66-77
Abstract
This is more than three decades that directorial rural plan is applied in rural areas of Iran aiming at renewing and conducting the expansion of villages in terms of social, economical and physical dimensions. The mentioned plan tries to design a spatial landscape for the village as well as an extent ...
Read More
This is more than three decades that directorial rural plan is applied in rural areas of Iran aiming at renewing and conducting the expansion of villages in terms of social, economical and physical dimensions. The mentioned plan tries to design a spatial landscape for the village as well as an extent in which public and government services are distributed optimally. It also provides required conditions for rural population sustainability. The aim of present study is evaluating the economic, physical, social, and ecological dimensions of executing rural directorial plan in rural district of Neggel, Sanandaj. The applied method is a descriptive one by which 27 indices are evaluated. The sample includes 308 households selected based on Cochran method. To show the significance level, Chi-Square test is applied and for ranking and classification, Friedman test and HAP technique are applied respectively. From a physical view, the results indicate that conducting rural directorial plan has played a rather successful role in improvement of internal road and street network of villages, reducing the levels of pollution, enhancing sanitary conditions and garbage removal of villages. However, from a spatial view, it seems that the mentioned plans are not successful in terms of access to services such as renewing residential buildings, sport and recreational services. So, to enhance the functionality of rural directorial plans it is necessary to correct the regulations, coordination between involved organizations and increasing budgets and credits for implementation of the plans.
Hassan Feridonzadeh; Golnaz Keshavarz; Fahimeh Yari
Abstract
The present study is aimed to provide a model based on which one can maintain the cultural dimension and identity during urban development. A model based on which, one can derive the criteria and identity components for landscape aesthetics. If the aesthetics resulting from the cultural symbol in the ...
Read More
The present study is aimed to provide a model based on which one can maintain the cultural dimension and identity during urban development. A model based on which, one can derive the criteria and identity components for landscape aesthetics. If the aesthetics resulting from the cultural symbol in the aesthetics of the city’s landscape development is applied, the city’s cultural and ethnic dimensions are preserved, thus making each city a unique example with unique attractions. The landscape can be the richest historical document of every city showing its cultural structure. A large part of urban symbols has cultural function. The ethnic cultural symbol is a subset of urban semiotics that can provide the cultural story of an ethnicity in a city to the audience. The lack of management and planning of cultural codes of cities in the form of cultural markings influenced by geography and ethnicity have led to the breakdown of the cultural messages of the landscapes. How to preserve the cultural identity of urban landscapes with regard to ethnic characteristics is the main question of this research that. In other words, can the identity and cultural landscape of the cities be maintained through cultural aesthetics of the symbol? The methodology of this research is qualitative that examines the cultural symbol in the case of Baluch-resident city. Based on a documentary and observation method, required concepts and references were collected and the validity of the proposed hypothesis was examined using the method of inference. For the case study of the adaptation of aesthetics of the cultural symbol, the cities affected by the Baluch ethnicity with their cultural landscape were taken into consideration. The main reason for this choice was: making an effort to preserve the cultural identity of cities in Baluchestan region due to their rich and prevalent ethnic identity during their urbanization development. The findings of the present study showed that the visual aesthetics components hidden in the Baluch folk handicrafts are manifested in the form of warm colors; from the wonderful orange to the red spectrum, geometric forms with sharp edges and mostly triangular forms, dense and prolific texture, complete abstraction and evasion from figuratism. Such components can be sought in terms of color, form, texture, as well as the amount of abstraction or realism in the visual elements of the architecture and urbanization of the Baluchistan cities in Iran
ValiAllah Rabeefar
Volume 4, Issue 1 , June 2017, , Pages 71-90
Abstract
Rural Housing As one The most important Basic needs of villagers, From the beginning The date of settlement To the present Important role The living conditions They have played And every day Its importance is increasing. The most important element Village is that in sustainable development of rural ...
Read More
Rural Housing As one The most important Basic needs of villagers, From the beginning The date of settlement To the present Important role The living conditions They have played And every day Its importance is increasing. The most important element Village is that in sustainable development of rural Attention to Its sustainability the most important principle it is known. The present paper the aim Stability analysis and explanation of the Physical structure – Space Rural Housing of Zanjan ProvinceBy using Method of AHP model and software the subset Including EC, EXT_AHP and GIS software has been made. Sustainability Assessment Criteria and indicators Physical – space Rural Housing of Zanjan In the four stages hierarchically has been done: 1 - Determine the criteria and sub criteria in the stability Physical – space of Rural Housing. 2 - Determination priority (importance) criteria in the stability Physical – space of Rural Housing. 3 - Determination of sub Stability analysis Criteria Physical – space of Rural Housing. 4 - The final analysis the stability Physical – space of Rural Housing. Research study Descriptive – analytic And research Applied Approach, it is both quantitatively and qualitatively. For data collection Method Library Studies and The field has been used. Library Studies In the field Collect statistics, documents and theories is done. And field studies As well as survey Order to view the current situation, Data collected in villages, Questionnaires distributed And Interview the statistical population has been. Research findings based on AHP the AHP-GIS software environment indicate the situation Undesirable of Indicators Physical – Space of the Rural Housing Zanjan province Based on the principles has been sustainable rural development And show 50 percent of the rural housing In terms of Physical structure – Space in the county Ayjrvd, Mahneshan and Khodabande And 40% Rural housing the county of Zanjan, Khoramdeh, Tarom and abhar has been unstable.
Hashem Dadashpoor; Mojtaba Refieian; Nariman Jahanzad
Abstract
There exist three major approaches to land use: economic-oriented approach, an egalitarian approach, and sustainable development. In recent few decades, sustainable development theory and subsequently the ecological approach has become the dominant paradigm in the land use planning thought. In this approach, ...
Read More
There exist three major approaches to land use: economic-oriented approach, an egalitarian approach, and sustainable development. In recent few decades, sustainable development theory and subsequently the ecological approach has become the dominant paradigm in the land use planning thought. In this approach, land use planning is a reasonable use of land which is based on the maintenance of green lands and environment generally. In Mashhad metropolitan area in recent years, the uncontrolled growth of urban settlements has led to the deterioration of agricultural lands and pastures. So, in this study, it is attempted firstly to determine an optimal ecological land-use pattern on the basis of the ecological approach. Secondly, the pattern was compared to the existing land-use situation. For this purpose, Makhdum’s method was applied and data were processed using the AHP model in ArcGIS 9.3. For this purpose, twelve natural criteria were chosen, and based on Saati’s table we assigned weights to them. Then, based on the mentioned twelve criteria, twelve suitability maps were generated. Finally, using mathematical overlaying, the layers were merged together and the final optimal pattern was introduced. The results of the present study indicated that the existing land-use situation is not in accordance with the optimal land use pattern and this could lead to irreparable environmental, economic and sociological damages. Thus, it is necessary to remind that planning authorities should think about controlling the growth of the city and consider some arrangements for urban development and management of the region.
Habib Jabbari; Amir Sameni; Mohsen Ebrahimi Khosafi
Volume 4, Issue 2 , September 2017, , Pages 75-92
Abstract
Achieving development in any society in the first stage requires national intention and will for development and definition of development paradigm that according to society circumstances, and in second stage depend on being a development road map that introduce the development capabilities and opportunities ...
Read More
Achieving development in any society in the first stage requires national intention and will for development and definition of development paradigm that according to society circumstances, and in second stage depend on being a development road map that introduce the development capabilities and opportunities to develop on one hand, And current and future issues and challenges on the other hand, Be able to utilizes previous experiences, shows to the society the most optimal path of development. This paper that according to the issue design, research purposes and nature, considered as a basic research that in which the content analysis method and utilizing documentary studies and analysis of secondary data is used. The results showed that country while owning capabilities and significant advantage, faced with two categories of fundamental issues and challenges that be classified in both structural and contextual challenges and transition from the current situation to the desired state will be possible through exposure to the country's development planning is based on spatial planning. At the end in order to providing the National spatial planning document based on the sixth development plan should be done in 1396, to explain the questions and uncertainties, expectations and essential consideration have been done.
Alireza Mohammadi; Sepideh Noori; Elahe Pishgar
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to analyze the spatial distribution and to show the spatial patterns of advanced producer services (APS) in Ardabil; one of the middle-sized cities in Iran. Sample of the study comprises 2100 activity units in four groups of advanced services, including banking and financial ...
Read More
The aim of the present study is to analyze the spatial distribution and to show the spatial patterns of advanced producer services (APS) in Ardabil; one of the middle-sized cities in Iran. Sample of the study comprises 2100 activity units in four groups of advanced services, including banking and financial services, healthcare and remedial, real estate, and insurance services. Documentary and field methods are applied for collecting and processing the data. Spatial statistical techniques such as Kernel Density, Average Nearest Neighbor, the local Moran statistics, Cluster and Outlier spatial analysis, Hot Spots and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) methods have been used in GIS environment for data analysis, density estimation, distribution pattern analysis and conceptualization of spatial relationships. The results show that, insurance and real estate consulting services are enjoying the highest levels of coverage around the city. The highest densities of ASPs belong to center and south parts of the city. The spatial pattern of the advanced services is spread in type. Spatial pattern and spatial distribution of insurance services and real estate consulting are dispersed around the city, but the spatial pattern of banking, health and remedial services are clustered. The gravity or central point of advanced services locates at the geographical center of the city and the movement path of the advanced services follows a north-south route. There is a significant relationship between population density and some kinds of advanced services. Finally, some recommendations are presented based on the findings of the study.
Azadeh Gharaye; Esfandiyar Zebardast; Hamid Majedi
Abstract
Social sustainability is a subject that has attracted the attentions of researchers since the early years of 21st century. Social, economic, and ecological sustainability are considered as the three components of urban sustainable development. On the other hand, the urban form, as an important component ...
Read More
Social sustainability is a subject that has attracted the attentions of researchers since the early years of 21st century. Social, economic, and ecological sustainability are considered as the three components of urban sustainable development. On the other hand, the urban form, as an important component of the city comprises communication networks, public transportation systems, pedestrian and bicycle accesses, spatial structures, spatial distribution of activities, housing and settlement size, natural phenomena and non-spatial aspects which all are important for studying and analyzing a city from different viewpoints. Considering the interdependence of the components of this concept with different dimensions of the city, its role on different aspects of sustainability, including social sustainability, would be indisputable. The emergence of urban sustainable development concept pushed the international NGOs and planners to introduce new frameworks for redesigning and reorganizing of cities in order to achieve the sustainability. A critical review of these approaches suggests a disagreement upon the most desirable form of urban sustainability. Social sustainability, due to its intangible nature as well as its focus of mankind and his interactions is subject for such contradictions. The present study was seeking to explain the relationships between the components of urban form and social sustainability in 22 districts of Tehran using a descriptive-analytic research method. Quantitative models such as factor analysis and linear regression as well as resident’s questionnaire (2200 questionnaires were completed among 22 districts of the city) and SPSS software helped the researchers to navigate this route. The findings of the present research showed that there is a significant relationship between the main factors of urban form and the factor of combined social sustainability indicators in all 22 districts of Tehran. Social sustainability indicators included citizen’s access to local services, social security, participation rates in social and group activities, interaction with other residents or social groups, residence satisfaction, and access to affordable housing for citizens. It was also determined that districts 5 and 6 had the highest scores in terms of social sustainability in Tehran.
Amin Faal Jalali; Maryam Ghasemi
Abstract
One of the main and important tasks of planners in rural areas is to allocate land for various uses according to the role and function and the impact of each use on the others. In fact, the ultimate goal of land use planning is to create a kind of environmental balance and social justice in the process ...
Read More
One of the main and important tasks of planners in rural areas is to allocate land for various uses according to the role and function and the impact of each use on the others. In fact, the ultimate goal of land use planning is to create a kind of environmental balance and social justice in the process of development of residential areas. Land use planning should address quality objectives such as security, adaptability, landscape and sense of dependence on the environment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the compatibility of rural land-uses in tourism destinations in terms of public safety, landscape, comfort and convenience. The research method is descriptive and analytical. In this study, eight tourist destinations in Binaloud county were selected and the degree of adaptation was divided into three matrices: 1- Comfort and convenience, 2- Public safety 3- Landscape and view between 49 land-uses among rural experts and the studied villages in a range categorized from fully compatible to completely incompatible. The results showed that all the studied villages are in a comparable situation in terms of adaptability. In the public safety matrix, religious use with an average of 4.16 is in the first place and historical use with an average of 3.25 is in the last place. In the landscape and perspective matrix, religious use with an average of 3.73 ranks first and industrial-workshop use with 1.35 is in the last ranking. In the comfort and convenience matrix, the use of access network and passages with an average of 4.26 is in the first place and the historical use with an average of 3.10 is in the last place. In general, in terms of compatibility, educational land-use with 3.82 is in the first place, and historical use with 3.25 is in the last place.
ahmad hami; Saadi Faraji; Farzin Emami; Zanyar Samadi Todar
Abstract
The present research examines the motivations and recreational activities of people in urban-regional parks of Tabriz. This study was conducted in 4 parks (Shams, Golestan, Qonakhlar Baghi, Mirdamad) out of 8 existing regional parks, and face-to-face interviews were conducted with 120 visitors about ...
Read More
The present research examines the motivations and recreational activities of people in urban-regional parks of Tabriz. This study was conducted in 4 parks (Shams, Golestan, Qonakhlar Baghi, Mirdamad) out of 8 existing regional parks, and face-to-face interviews were conducted with 120 visitors about their most important motivation for coming to the park and doing the activities. The results of the research showed that having fun, being with family, getting rid of stress, and walking were the most important motivations for people to go to regional parks. Also, the most important activities of the respondents, in order of priority, included morning sports, landscape photography, and group sports. Chi-square test was used to know the relationship between different types of activities with the mentioned parks, and the result of the analysis showed that Golestan Park is more suitable for sedentary activities such as mental games, Mirdamad Park for active activities such as Amusement park and morning sports, Qonakhlar Baghi Park were suitable places for family activities and finally Shams Park for social activities such as gathering with friends. Applying the findings of this research allows landscape designers and city managers to plan and design parks based on citizens' priorities. This work can be effective in increasing the efficiency of parks and encouraging people to go to parks.
Asyeh Namazi; Sayed Ahmad Hosseini; Vahid Gholami
Volume 5, Issue 2 , September 2018, , Pages 80-92
Abstract
A review of current global developments suggests that the city and urbanization have fundamentally experienced some qualitative and quantitative changes. One of the most important consequences of such changes during the recent decades is the disturbance of service system’s distribution and their ...
Read More
A review of current global developments suggests that the city and urbanization have fundamentally experienced some qualitative and quantitative changes. One of the most important consequences of such changes during the recent decades is the disturbance of service system’s distribution and their concentration in a particular location. The proper management of the growing need for sport will never be possible without having enough information, tools, and modern methods in different levels of neighborhood, district, region and city. Easy and quick access to sport services, cost saving and optimal allocation of resources require scientific methods and related criteria to support the management of cities. Accordingly, the present study evaluates the spatial pattern and presents an optimal model for locating sports centers in Tehran. The research method is a combination of descriptive and analytical methods and its type is applicable. To analyze the data ArcGIS and Super Decisions software are applied. Also, Average Nearest Neighbors index, ANP model and fuzzy logic are used for analyzing the data related to locating sport spaces. The results of this study showed that according to the cluster pattern of the distribution of sports spaces in Tehran and also the lower per capita sport spaces of this city than the minimum number of inhabitants, access to these centers is not suitable in the current situation. The results of the fuzzy model showed that the situation in the central regions of Tehran is more inferior in this regard.
Behrouz Mohammadi Yeganeh; Mehdi Cheraghi; Leila Eslami
Volume 4, Issue 3 , December 2017, , Pages 81-98
Abstract
The sense of security is one of the important factors in the dynamics and healthiness of the living environment which is necessary to be considered at the process of planning, designing and managing of human settlements. During the last decades, the implementation of various programs and actions has ...
Read More
The sense of security is one of the important factors in the dynamics and healthiness of the living environment which is necessary to be considered at the process of planning, designing and managing of human settlements. During the last decades, the implementation of various programs and actions has provided the context for transformations in rural areas. Among these programs was the grant of housing-strengthening credits in rural areas. The present study investigates the effects of such credits on the sense of security of rural households. Based on the type, the present study is an applied research and according to the nature of research it is a descriptive-analytic study. The applied method for data collection was a combination of documentary and field study (questionnaire and interview). The statistical sample of the study is 811 households recipients of credits for the period of 2005 to2015 inthe rural district of Mojezat located at Zanjan county. Based on Cochran formula, 231 households were selected as samples to be interviewed. Both descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (paired t-test and Wilcoxon test) were applied to analyze the data. Findings of the research show that there is a significant relationship between the sense of security of rural households and its dimensions before and after receiving the housing-strengthening credits. The sense of security increased after receiving the credits (t-test:-42.365), and had the most impact on the sense of financial security (t-test: -44.282). Findings also indicate that other sense of security indicators are improved after receiving such credits.
Ahmad Shahivandi; Hojat Sheikhi
Abstract
Decreasing the vulnerability of urban land uses which leads to the reduction of damages is considered as the most important goals that urban planners and managers have attempted to implement it in cities. It would be possible through applying new approaches of crisis management such as passive defense ...
Read More
Decreasing the vulnerability of urban land uses which leads to the reduction of damages is considered as the most important goals that urban planners and managers have attempted to implement it in cities. It would be possible through applying new approaches of crisis management such as passive defense that can be effective in creating urban environments. The present research is aimed to study the vulnerability of Hamedan city based on the principles of passive defense. The study is an applied research based on its purposes and it is analytical-descriptive one in terms of nature. Data analysis was done based on passive defense framework. For data analysis, 9 main land uses and 23 subsidiary land uses are compared and scored using Super Decision software. By evaluating criteria and sub-criteria to which the closeness-farness from the main criteria or density-dispersion towards them are important, the distance was calculated in ArcGIS environment. Following the afore-mentioned procedures, Hamedan city is classified in 5 categories (i.e. very high, high, medium, low and very low) in terms of vulnerability. The most important risk factors of Hamedan city can be mentioned as: high population density in some neighborhoods around the first ring of Hamadan, the construction density in neighborhoods around Sepah square, Khezr and places around Rajaee Street, the fine-grainedness of residential units, the lack of open spaces and green spaces in the old neighborhoods of Hamedan and the concentration and centralization of official buildings in several parts of the city.
Narges Golestani; Hossein Rahimi
Abstract
Typically, the effects of various factors affecting the city's economy are reflected in the price of land and housing. In recent years, the role of rent-seeking and stock-exchange in the volatility and price fluctuations of the land and housing markets of Iranian cities, including Mashhad's metropolis, ...
Read More
Typically, the effects of various factors affecting the city's economy are reflected in the price of land and housing. In recent years, the role of rent-seeking and stock-exchange in the volatility and price fluctuations of the land and housing markets of Iranian cities, including Mashhad's metropolis, has been far greater than the effects of inflation. It is important to identify the factors affecting the cost of housing and subsequently the factors affecting the formation of the stock market in this sector. Many people believe that the role of real estate consultants is unparalleled in creating price fluctuations and unusual housing speculation. This paper, while examining the factors affecting real estate stock exchange, examines the role of real estate firms in the expansion of the land and urban housing stock market from the perspective of real estate consultants themselves through a specific case study of District 12 of Mashhad. The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical and the statistical population includes real estate consultants working in the district 12 of Mashhad. Field information was collected through interview and questionnaire. The research findings and hypotheses were analyzed using one-sample t-test and Pearson correlation test in SPSS software. Based on the available information and the correlation coefficient obtained from the Pearson test for the owner's policy component and the t-test obtained from the one-sample t-test for the two components of the real estate agency and the municipal organization, it was identified that the real estate agencies do not play a significant role in the valuation and stock market of urban land and housing and are solely responsible for bringing the applicant and supplier together as mediators. Also, no significant relationship was found between owner policies and stock market expansion. However, there was a significant relationship between the impact of municipal organization on the pricing of urban land and housing in the sample group with the statistical population. This indicates the involvement of municipality as a public entity in the stock exchange of land and housing in the city.
Hossein Farahani; jamshid einali; Masomeh Mouradi
Abstract
Tourism has been renowned for its diverse functions, high ability to connect with other sectors of the economy, socio-economic development and changing lifestyle of rural areas. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effects of tourism development on changing the lifestyle of tourism target ...
Read More
Tourism has been renowned for its diverse functions, high ability to connect with other sectors of the economy, socio-economic development and changing lifestyle of rural areas. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effects of tourism development on changing the lifestyle of tourism target villages in eastern Alamut district of Qazvin county. According to the Census of Population and Housing in 2016, the total number of households in these villages is 879. Using Cochran formula, the number of samples needed to complete the questionnaire was 268. The validity of the questionnaire was evaluated by experts. The reliability of the variables was calculated as 0.86% by Cronbach's alpha. Statistical tests such as one-sample t-test, regression, and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. The results show that tourism development has a positive impact on lifestyle change. According to the regression fitting model, the coefficient of determination was 0.739 indicating a positive relationship between tourism and lifestyle change. The results of one-way analysis of variance showed that two villages namely: Masudabad (with a mean of 3.5599) and Zarabad (with a mean of 3.4778) had received the most impact and Andaj (with a mean of 2.6314) had received the least impact of tourism development.
hamid Jalalian; Parviz Zeaiean; Parastoo Darouei; Khadije Karimi
Volume 2, Issue 4 , December 2015, , Pages 73-98
Abstract
Rapid expansion of cities and their uneven physical growth, which calls “urban sprawl”, has some consequences such as; vanishing the villages and their surrounding farm lands, converting agricultural lands into other land uses, and destructing the ecological resources. Such a situation is ...
Read More
Rapid expansion of cities and their uneven physical growth, which calls “urban sprawl”, has some consequences such as; vanishing the villages and their surrounding farm lands, converting agricultural lands into other land uses, and destructing the ecological resources. Such a situation is more serious in regional metropolises. Isfahan and Urmia are two important regional metropolises with different environmental and economic structures. Both cities have experienced a rapid expansion during the recent years. The present paper has adopted a descriptive-analytical approach to study the physical expansion of the mentioned cities and their impacts on the surrounding areas. Required data were collected using documentary method, and required remote sensing data were obtained from Landsat7 images in 2001 and Landsat8 images in 2013. Comparing different periodic images of two cities and analyzing obtained data from Statistical Center of Iran showed that both Isfahan and Urmia are vastly facing with rapid population growth and alteration of their surrounding’s land uses. Application of the Holdren method for a duration of 1956-2011 showed that physical expansion is more than the real needs of the population in both cities, especially in Urmia. The result of such process is alteration of more and more agricultural lands into other applications. The rate of population growth in Isfahan, during the study span time, was nearly consistent, but in Urmia the trend was different with a high population growth especially at the beginning of 1980s due to Iraq-Iran war. It can be concluded that main reasons for alteration of farm lands around Urmia include: inefficiencies associated with urban detailed plans, low levels of farm land prices against the urban ones, vulnerability of horticultural activities next to the city, and lower rates of financial interests of agricultural activities. But, the main reasons for converting the farm lands into urban construction in Isfahan are: industrialization of the area, constructing residential estates around the city, and expansion of academic and government activities at the surrounding area. The mentioned factors have accelerated migration of different groups of people from nearby villages and towns towards Isfahan. Therefore, population growth and need for urban constructions have been leading to change the agricultural land uses and finally more vulnerability and inconsistence of environmental resources.
hamzeh Ahmadi; Akbar Shaemi
Volume 1, Issue 1 , January 2013, , Pages 75-88
Abstract
The study of bioclimatic comfort can help the process of planning and development in different geographic regions. There is a direct relation between human health and comfort in physical environment with the climatic conditions of the regions. Nowadays, human bioclimatic studies are considered as the ...
Read More
The study of bioclimatic comfort can help the process of planning and development in different geographic regions. There is a direct relation between human health and comfort in physical environment with the climatic conditions of the regions. Nowadays, human bioclimatic studies are considered as the base for most urban, civil, settlement, architect, and tourism planning. The present study has evaluated climatic comfort of Illam city based on Terjung, Beaker, Neurotic Pressure, Olgay and Chellwind bioclimatic indices using synoptic whether statistics of Illam station during 1986-2008. Findings show that there is a wide range of warm to cold bioclimatic conditions throughout the year. Among the applied methods, Terjung method operated better than others to show the bioclimatic conditions. Assessing the human comfort of bioclimatic conditions of Illam during different months of year can be considered as a base for different development plans of the city.
Ali Akbar Anabestani; Vahid Riahi; Seyed Farajollah Tofighian Asl
Volume 1, Issue 3 , September 2013, , Pages 75-88
Abstract
Today, rural construction is considered as one of the main components of the rural develop-ment. one of the most important plans for the improvement and development of the villages is the implementation of the Rural Guide Plan. In this context, the present research is to define criteria for assessing ...
Read More
Today, rural construction is considered as one of the main components of the rural develop-ment. one of the most important plans for the improvement and development of the villages is the implementation of the Rural Guide Plan. In this context, the present research is to define criteria for assessing the environmental effects of implementing the Rural Guide Plan according to rele-vant sources. In this study the research methodology in terms of objective is applied and in terms of method it is analytical-descriptive. The major parts of the required data were collected through field studies and using questionnaires. The collected data was then fed into the statistical package for the social science (SPSS) in order to be analyzed and one sample T- test was utilized. Based on the Cochran formula, the sample size was 311 households which were determined by simple random sampling method among families in Shoosti- Zamni village, Babamidan village in Rostam County. The results of the study revealed that despite implementing the Rural Guide Plan problems such as air pollution due to the unhygienic disposal of waste, water stagnations and flooding out of water due to unprincipled constructions of the street curbs and the sidewalks and expansion of pollution caused by animal waste have considerably negative environmental impacts on the villag-es. In these regards, the main findings include the lack or defect in environmental studies during preparing plans and also defect in predicting the consequences of implementing the ten-stage pro-jects in the environments of the villages. Finally, based on the findings of the field studies and the results, some guidelines were provided as feedbacks in order to modify their approach to intervene in the natural environment and the rural environment. The most important of them include correc-tion of service plan description and leading them towards prioritizing environmental studies as well as to the region (habitat)-centered approach in preparing and implementing projects.
Azadeh i Arbabi Sabzevar; Farinaz Najari Mehrbani
Volume 4, Issue 4 , March 2018, , Pages 78-85
Abstract
In the present study the runoff resulted from snowmelt is simulated using the SRM model in Taleghan basin. Snow, as one of the main causes of water storage plays an important role in removal of the challenges in water resources management, especially in mountainous areas. The water resulted from snow ...
Read More
In the present study the runoff resulted from snowmelt is simulated using the SRM model in Taleghan basin. Snow, as one of the main causes of water storage plays an important role in removal of the challenges in water resources management, especially in mountainous areas. The water resulted from snow melting plays an important role in the development of surface runoff and ground water recharge. Snow coverage represents the amount of water stored in mountain basins. Here, snow is considered as an equivalent for water and has a great effect on the hydrological simulation in Taleghan watershed. According to the studies carried out in this area, due to the natural and climatic characteristics of the region, there exist relatively favorable conditions for the development of horticulture, agriculture and urban expansion. The present study has simulated the daily yield model with the square of the correlation coefficient of 45%. The results indicated that the SRM Simulation Model is a suitable tool for estimating the amount of runoff resulted from snow melting with a high degree of accuracy. The applied model is a sufficient one to estimate and predict the flow of snowmelt and efficient management of water resources. The model is also very important in physical development and enhancement of the environmental conditions.
Reyhaneh Soltanimoghadas
Abstract
There has recently occurred a massive change of land use in rural settlements in the hinterland of cities. The expansion of urbanization has induced considerable changes in rural settlements with some physical, social, economic and environmental consequences. One of the most important consequences of ...
Read More
There has recently occurred a massive change of land use in rural settlements in the hinterland of cities. The expansion of urbanization has induced considerable changes in rural settlements with some physical, social, economic and environmental consequences. One of the most important consequences of land use change is the conversion of agricultural land into residential applications, which has reduced the production capacity of rural settlements. The present study was carried out in Qarchak county and 4 villages were selected as the case study. Of total population of the study area, 240 cases were selected as the sample. The research method drew on both quantitative and qualitative approaches and the data was collected using documentary and field surveys. Also, the relationship between items was evaluated using factor analysis method. According to the findings, the measurement indices of each scale used at a confidence interval of 5% had a t-value of more than 1.96, indicating a significant correlation between research items. The mean villagers' views about the effect of land use change were as follows: environmental dimension (3.61), physical dimension (3.99), social dimension (3.421) and economic dimension (58.3) all obtained at a significant level of 0.0001. The estimated t-value (246.11) was larger than the critical value of 1.96, which confirmed the relationship between test items. Therefore, it can be concluded that expanded residential use, due to population absorption and its associated social impacts such as social differences and economic consequences like increased intermediary businesses and land deals have induced environmental impacts in terms of reduced green space and agricultural lands.
Farhad Azizpour
Volume 1, Issue 2 , April 2013, , Pages 81-90
Abstract
The Rural Conducting Plan (RCP) has provided an arena for physical order in villages including prohibiting illegal constructions, defining needs, designating land-use for public services, and planning for the future physical expansions, however it has ca used some negative consequences for villages and ...
Read More
The Rural Conducting Plan (RCP) has provided an arena for physical order in villages including prohibiting illegal constructions, defining needs, designating land-use for public services, and planning for the future physical expansions, however it has ca used some negative consequences for villages and villagers such as weakening the physical texture integration and weak attention to rural resident’s participation. There exist several factors relating to the failure of Rural Conducting Plans to organize the rural systems among them the impact of theoretical approach towards the plan is more important. The said approach is a comprehensive planning strategy based on function-oriented theory. The present paper has a theoretical-fundamental character that applies a descriptive-analytical method. Required data are collected using a documentary method to find and to explain the basic reason (s) of the weak effectiveness of the RCPs. Findings of the present study show that revising and rethinking of the dominant conceptual system of the RCP is a necessity. It is evident that some conceptual theories and strategies are not matched with resolving complicated and ongoing needs of human societies. The paper concludes that a structural-functional strategy that has already been adopted to explain the problems of rural societies can provide an actual spatial planning base for different scales of settlement systems especially rural settlements.
Seyyed Mahdi Mousakazemi; Zeynab Farraji Chanzab
Abstract
Urban green space is one of the land uses that its distribution across the city is crucially important. Ardabil can be considered as a city with an inappropriate distribution of green space. The allocated green space per capita in Ardabil is 7.3 square meters. This figure is quite far from the indices ...
Read More
Urban green space is one of the land uses that its distribution across the city is crucially important. Ardabil can be considered as a city with an inappropriate distribution of green space. The allocated green space per capita in Ardabil is 7.3 square meters. This figure is quite far from the indices determined by the United Nations Environment Organization which considers 20 to 25 square meters for each person. The present study was aimed at analyzing 44 neighborhoods of Ardabil city based on 11 selected indicators of green space availability set by experts. Based on type, the present study is an applied research with a descriptive-analytical method. The required data was obtained from the parks and green space organization of Ardabil in 2015 as well as through a field study. Then, in order to rank all 44 neighborhoods of Ardabil city according to their existing green spaces we have applied the Copeland model to integrate several multi-criteria decision-making models including TOPSIS, VIKOR, ELECTERE, and SAW. As a result, all neighborhoods of Ardabil were grouped into four categories namely: enjoyed, semi-enjoyed, deprived, and very deprived. As seven neighborhoods of the city lacked any kinds of green space, and most of the other neighborhoods fall in the deprived category, it can be said that the distribution of urban green space in Ardabil is an unbalanced distribution.
Mohammad Nazari; Kiana Etemadi; Seyed Mojtaba Ghazi Mirsaeed
Abstract
Good urban governance is considered as one of the most effective and sustainable approaches to urban management, which is based on democratic development. This approach is based on concepts such as transparency, accountability and responsibility, responsiveness, justice, participation, effectiveness ...
Read More
Good urban governance is considered as one of the most effective and sustainable approaches to urban management, which is based on democratic development. This approach is based on concepts such as transparency, accountability and responsibility, responsiveness, justice, participation, effectiveness and efficiency, which are known as indicators of good urban governance. The current research aims to evaluate the urban management system of Semnan city in order to measure the indicators of good urban governance and to identify the performance of city managers within the framework of these indicators. The approach of this research is based on qualitative analysis and a combination of descriptive and analytical methods are applied. Also, in terms of research strategy, it is a survey and field type study. The required data are collected through face-to-face visits and in the form of 14 interviews with experts, managers and citizens. Also, qualitative content analysis method was used to analyze the interview data and categorize and identify the strengths and weaknesses of Semnan's urban management in the framework of each of the indicators of good urban governance. Finally, the results obtained from the evaluation of the interviews indicated that among the indicators of good urban governance, participation indicators with 64%, receptive and responsive index with 57%, and justice index with 42% need to be recreated, and to be more considered. With the recent actions of managers and organizations involved in the urban management of the city of Semnan, relative progress can be seen in the direction of realizing the indicators of transparency, effectiveness, and efficiency.
Behroz Mohamadi Yaganeh; Soroush Sanaei Moghadam; Mahdi Cheraghi
Volume 4, Issue 1 , June 2017, , Pages 91-108
Abstract
The basin of rural housing issues crucial to the ripped and communities and various countries faced with many problems in this area and have adequate shelter and the kind of quality issue that all countries, according to their conditions, is involved. As one of the most important factors in rural ...
Read More
The basin of rural housing issues crucial to the ripped and communities and various countries faced with many problems in this area and have adequate shelter and the kind of quality issue that all countries, according to their conditions, is involved. As one of the most important factors in rural development, sustainable housing dimensions and hence knowledge of the characteristics and analysis of various components of sustainable rural housing is important; The aim of this study is to provide good algorithms for sustainable rural housing in the study area is based on mutual information analysis. Applied research, descriptive-analytic method used to collect data and information from the library and survey methods (Prsshnamh and observation) is used. To analyze the data from one sample T-test and analysis methods to influence and impact indicators mutual information (feature selection methods) using the programming capabilities in MATLAB software environment is taken advantage of. The population of this research includes the heads of households in rural areas residential units Zylayy stack that is taken into account Balghbr 1134 households. The results show that by using SPSS statistical Tjzyhvthlylhay The social dimension of sustainability, the physical and economic conditions somewhat stable and unstable aspects of environmental and architectural features is the mutual information and results of the analysis showed that after weighing 323/1 high social impact and inspiration to among the rural housing is stability.
Yousef Ghanbari; Zahra Kazemi; Fatemeh Kazemi
Volume 4, Issue 2 , September 2017, , Pages 93-109
Abstract
The research has been done to plan the sustainable development of tourism with emphasis on ecological residences in Hanza region. This research is a practical study with a descriptive- analytic approach. The studied population consists of two groups of tourists and experts. All the population of experts ...
Read More
The research has been done to plan the sustainable development of tourism with emphasis on ecological residences in Hanza region. This research is a practical study with a descriptive- analytic approach. The studied population consists of two groups of tourists and experts. All the population of experts has been studied due to its small size. While the population of tourists due to the uncertainty of the size and the minimum sample size for surveys, 120 tourists were selected from March 2015. Cronbach's alpha value for ensurence index were calculated for the tourists 0/81 and 0/89 for the Group of Experts. Data were analyzed in the softwares of SPSS and Excel with using one-sample T-test, Friedman test and SWOT model. One-sample T-test results showed that the satisfaction of tourists from facilities with average 1/55 and satisfaction in terms of the tourism potential was above average 14/17. Results of Friedman test that used to prioritize residences in Hanza region showed that the most appropriate option for tourists to stay are ecological residences. In addition to, the results of SWOT model indicated that making ecological destinations have various weaknesses and threats despite have strengths. Among the strategies, first place with a score of 3/053, threats, weaknesses, with scores 3/013, 2/879 and 2/874 respectively next ranks. The best strategy according to the conditions of the ecological destinations in Hanza region is the competitive aggressive strategies with an emphasis on maintaining the existing situation.
