Fatemeh Amirattari; Seyed-Abbas Yazdanfar; Saeid Norouzian-Maleki
Abstract
Housing is one of the most effective categories on culture, identity and the whole life of people. The aim of the present study is to achieve sustainable solutions for housing. Population growth and the significant increase in the need for housing led to the process of housing construction, especially ...
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Housing is one of the most effective categories on culture, identity and the whole life of people. The aim of the present study is to achieve sustainable solutions for housing. Population growth and the significant increase in the need for housing led to the process of housing construction, especially in big cities. The category of housing has been considered more from the viewpoint of economic stability and quantity of construction regardless of the quality of residence. The present research was conducted to identify the components and criteria affecting the social sustainability of housing in Tabriz city. It was defined in two scales: "residential areas" and "housing internal environment" with the aim of providing solutions to achieve social sustainability in the old and new residential areas of Tabriz city. In the present research, first of all, the previous studies related to the problem were investigated using the content analysis technique. After classifying the results of previous researches, using the Delphi technique, the opinions of experts and professors in this field were collected and considered. Finally, using the cross-sectional survey method, a questionnaire was compiled and the importance of the components and final criteria was measured from the perspective of the residents of the old and new neighborhoods of Tabriz city. According to the findings, the components of "neighborhood physical desirability", "social-cultural characteristics" and "functional and social infrastructure of the neighborhood" are respectively the most important components affecting the social sustainability of neighborhoods and residential complexes. Also, the components of "relationship of housing with open space and living nature", observance of "confidentiality and privacy" and "adjustment of environmental conditions of housing" are among the most influential components on social sustainability in the internal environment of housing, respectively.
iraj ghasemi; khalil kalantari
Abstract
Rural housing is a physical, social, economic, cultural and environmental phenomenon. Housing has always been linked to the livelihood and economic activity of the family and the village. Livelihood-oriented rural housing has tended to be identified with urban housing in recent years, and the share of ...
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Rural housing is a physical, social, economic, cultural and environmental phenomenon. Housing has always been linked to the livelihood and economic activity of the family and the village. Livelihood-oriented rural housing has tended to be identified with urban housing in recent years, and the share of livelihood-oriented housing has decreased. The purpose of the present study is to identify the challenges facing the development of livelihood-oriented housing. For this purpose, in the first stage, six townships from six provinces were selected by cluster method, and then 13 villages were selected based on different demographic and socio-economic spectrums. Using systematic random sampling, 332 questionnaires were completed. Field findings showed that the respondents agree more with the influence of structural intervening factors in the formation of livelihood-oriented housing than with human and social factors. Factor analysis also confirmed this issue. Therefore, it is suggested that while modifying the procedures and content of development plans and technical rules and regulations and defining financial support packages, the education of the new rural generation should also be on the agenda.
Nasibeh Hosseini; Hasan Afrakhteh; farhad azizpour
Abstract
Detecting land use changes is essential for managers and planners because land use has changed widely. Being aware of these changes can help the policy-making process and solving existing problems. Therefore, preparing a land use map is one of the requirements of any development planning at the national ...
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Detecting land use changes is essential for managers and planners because land use has changed widely. Being aware of these changes can help the policy-making process and solving existing problems. Therefore, preparing a land use map is one of the requirements of any development planning at the national and regional level. Such maps enable managers, planners and experts to design and implement the necessary measures in the field of solving problems and meeting present and future needs by identifying the current situation and comparing capabilities and potentials. Nowadays, due to the high cost of preparing land use maps with traditional and manual methods, remote sensing can help engineers with more accuracy and speed in preparing land use maps and evaluating changes in the region. The aim of the current research is to prepare land use maps of Zabarkhan district and monitoring land use changes in this area from 1996 to 2019 using Landsat 5 and 8 satellite images related to TM and OLI sensors. According to the findings, the uses of agricultural lands, built lands and pastures have increased during this period, while barren lands and gardens have decreased. Built-up lands include urban, rural, tourism (wildlife park, ecotourism residence), industrial, workshop, facilities, communication (regional and local roads), military, mining and water storage resources for agriculture. The highest rate of increase is related to urban and rural uses with 461.43 hectares, equivalent to 54.01% of all uses.
amin shirnia parijani; Hossain Nazmfar; pari Shokri Firoozjah; Tohid Hatami Khanghahi
Abstract
Aging is a stage of life that how to spend it is of special importance. Aging in Iran, which is caused by the decrease in the birth rate and medical advances, is considered a new phenomenon. The current research seeks to evaluate the current situation of the livability of Babol city with the aim of prioritizing ...
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Aging is a stage of life that how to spend it is of special importance. Aging in Iran, which is caused by the decrease in the birth rate and medical advances, is considered a new phenomenon. The current research seeks to evaluate the current situation of the livability of Babol city with the aim of prioritizing the main components of livability from the perspective of the elderly. The method of the current research is descriptive-analytical and based on first-hand data collected through documentary and survey methods using a questionnaire. The collected data were processed using SPSS and Smart Pls software. The current situation has been analyzed using the one-sample t-test and the relationships between dimensions and livability indices have been analyzed using structural equation modeling with the partial least squares (PLS) method. The general results indicate that in the current situation, all aspects of Babil city's livability were lower than the average. The results of the model also showed that all the components have a positive and significant effect on the current situation, but the biggest effect is the urban health component, which can be called as the driver of the livability of the city of Babol. The environmental component has had the least effect on the current situation of Babil city's livability.
Shima Eslampour; Saiid MirRiahi; Susan Habib
Abstract
In recent years, following the increase in population and migration to cities, social housing has been proposed as one of the ways to respond to housing needs. Since social housing is considered a new experience in Iran, the study of housing seems necessary due to the ever-increasing expansion of such ...
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In recent years, following the increase in population and migration to cities, social housing has been proposed as one of the ways to respond to housing needs. Since social housing is considered a new experience in Iran, the study of housing seems necessary due to the ever-increasing expansion of such housing in cities. With this work, clear scientific foundations can be created in the design of social housing in accordance with human needs. The purpose of this article in the first part is to explain the dimensions of hidden housing in accordance with human needs with a semantic approach and in the second part to comprehensively analyze the dimensions of hidden housing in the social housing of Hamadan city in order to achieve design and implementation policies to improve the quality of housing. The present study was conducted in the field of architecture using a combined method and using content analysis, with a semantic approach. The first part of the data was collected qualitatively using interviews and the second part was collected through a quantitative method. First, based on the documents, the concepts and theories related to living and realizing the dimensions of human existence in the place were studied. Then, the data have been analyzed in the first part, using coding. In the second part, the data obtained in the first part were put into a questionnaire and evaluated using SPSS software and statistical methods such as t-test, Friedman and factor analysis. According to the studies, four dimensions including physical-spatial, social-cultural, perceptual-aesthetic and ecological-environmental dimensions are in accordance with human needs. Among the dimensions mentioned, the socio-cultural dimension is more important than other dimensions in achieving the concept of living in housing. After that, physical-structural, environmental and finally perceptual-aesthetic dimensions are in the next levels, respectively. Therefore, it is possible to improve the quality, realize real human habitation and peace in such settlements by providing solutions in design, according to each dimension.
Aliakbar Anabestani; Seyedeh Parvin Hosieni; Hamid Shayan; Omid Ali Kharazmi
Abstract
Spatial regeneration is a modern approach to producing spatial organization aligned with new conditions and emerging characteristics. It plays a significant role in establishing new urban relations or redefining existing ones. The aim of this study is to identify the key drivers of place identity influencing ...
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Spatial regeneration is a modern approach to producing spatial organization aligned with new conditions and emerging characteristics. It plays a significant role in establishing new urban relations or redefining existing ones. The aim of this study is to identify the key drivers of place identity influencing spatial regeneration in the peri-urban settlements of Shirvan. The research is applied in purpose and descriptive–analytical in nature. Theoretical foundations were developed through documentary and library studies, while key drivers were extracted through field surveys and questionnaires. The study sample consisted of 25 experts and rural planners from North Khorasan Province and Shirvan Township. Data analysis was conducted using MicMac software, and spatial mapping was performed with GIS. The findings indicate that, based on the degree of direct and indirect influence, 83 factors were identified and categorized into four main components as key drivers. The results show that: - improving satisfaction through enhanced rural–urban and inter-village interactions (direct effect: +17, indirect effect: +1683); - improving rural income sources and reducing poverty among peri-urban households (direct: +9, indirect: +3272); - promoting mixed land uses and enhancing access to services within the physical fabric of settlements (direct: +8, indirect: +3852); - participation in local council elections as an indicator of increased voluntary activities (direct: +8, indirect: +6272); - satisfaction with the visual quality of public spaces (direct: +8, indirect: −926); - and reducing environmental pollution to enhance rural living conditions (direct: +7, indirect: +2892) were identified as critical drivers across five dimensions—economic, socio-cultural, spatial–physical, and environmental—towards achieving the sustainability of peri-urban settlements.
Mahmoud Erfani; Mohammad Ajzaa Shokoohi; Mohammad Rahim Rahnama
Abstract
The construction of satellite towns and affordable housing projects has been carried out with the aim of absorbing the overflow population of the mother city and accommodating low-income groups, thereby improving livability and quality of life. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the livability ...
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The construction of satellite towns and affordable housing projects has been carried out with the aim of absorbing the overflow population of the mother city and accommodating low-income groups, thereby improving livability and quality of life. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the livability and population-absorption status of the Mehrgan satellite town, considering its location within the boundaries of Mashhad. This research is applied-descriptive in nature, and data collection was conducted through library, documentary, and field methods. The statistical population consisted of residents of Mehrgan town, among whom 263 individuals were randomly selected as the sample size. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, and hypotheses were tested through Chi-square, T-test, and exploratory factor analysis. The findings indicate that, given the population and the origin of residents (Mashhad city), Mehrgan satellite town has been successful in terms of population absorption. According to the results of the T-test, the town achieved the highest scores in social, environmental, and physical indicators, while institutional and economic indicators received the lowest scores. Therefore, Mehrgan satellite town is in a favorable condition in terms of livability. Exploratory factor analysis further revealed that factors such as the quality of public services and infrastructure, safety and security, environmental quality and transportation, physical-structural development, social quality of life, satisfaction with urban services, and environmental conditions have the greatest impact on urban livability.
Parvaneh Sobhani; Afshin Danehkar
Abstract
Introduction Land use changes driven by the expansion of human activities are among the most significant threats to ...
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Introduction Land use changes driven by the expansion of human activities are among the most significant threats to urban areas.MethodologyAccordingly, this study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of land cover/land use (LULC) changes in Tehran Municipality District 22 during 1995–2025 and predicted future change patterns up to 2041 using the integrated Cellular Automata–Markov (CA–Markov) model. LULC maps were produced for 1995 and 2025, and temporal changes in different land-use classes were analyzed. The CA–Markov model was then applied to simulate future land-use changes, and its performance was evaluated using the Kappa coefficient.ResultsThe results indicated that built-up areas exhibited the greatest increase, expanding from 2,572.11 ha in 1995 to 2,827.46 ha in 2025. In contrast, bare areas declined from 2,780.52 ha to 2,391.80 ha during the same period. Water areas and vegetation cover showed increasing trends, whereas agricultural areas continuously decreased throughout the study period. A Kappa coefficient of 0.88 confirmed the high predictive accuracy of the CA–Markov model. According to the simulation results, built-up areas are projected to increase to 2,890.40 ha by 2041, while bare areas are expected to decline to 2,287 ha.Discussion and ConclusionThese findings indicate the continued expansion of built-up areas, increasing pressure on land resources due to population growth and the concentration of economic and urban development activities. Therefore, mitigating the adverse impacts of LULC change requires effective planning, integrated land management, and sustainable resource utilization. The findings provide a scientific basis for decision-making and urban management strategies to support sustainable urban development.
Mahdi Kolahi; Hamid Omranian Khorasani; Zeinab Sharifi
Abstract
The renovation and improvement plan for the urban texture surrounding the Holy Shrine of Imam Reza was initiated to reduce increasing density and urban pressures. This plan aims to achieve a stable balance and alleviate various pressures associated with the city center by pursuing qualitative transformation ...
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The renovation and improvement plan for the urban texture surrounding the Holy Shrine of Imam Reza was initiated to reduce increasing density and urban pressures. This plan aims to achieve a stable balance and alleviate various pressures associated with the city center by pursuing qualitative transformation and optimizing contemporary architectural principles. The implementation of this plan has led to significant socio-economic changes in the Samen region, Mashhad, Iran. This descriptive-analytical research focuses on the socio-economic analysis of the aforementioned plan. Data and information were collected in two stages through library research, field studies, interviews, and questionnaires. In the first stage, the residents of Samen district constituted the statistical population. Sampling was conducted using a random method until theoretical saturation was reached. In the second stage, a questionnaire was developed based on identified factors, and experts from the municipality of Samen region assigned weights to these factors based on their importance. The SWOT Method was employed to analyze the findings, to identify advantages and disadvantages, and to evaluate potential obstacles and limitations hindering urban development. The method provides insights and proposes solutions to execute the plan with minimal complications. The results indicate a decrease in residential units, an increase in rental units, and growing dissatisfaction among residents and property owners due to the changes in living conditions and the relocation process. Based on the final scores of internal and external factors, an offensive strategy is recommended. Finally, suggestions are presented to mitigate the negative effects of the renovation plan and enhance the urban fabric.
Farnaz Ghazi; Hossein Zabihi; Hamid Majedi
Abstract
The physical components of a city, as the backbone of urban systems, play a significant role in absorbing the initial shocks resulting from disasters. Therefore, enhancing the capacity of the city's physical structure to cope with hazards and disasters, in order to maintain the functionality of its components, ...
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The physical components of a city, as the backbone of urban systems, play a significant role in absorbing the initial shocks resulting from disasters. Therefore, enhancing the capacity of the city's physical structure to cope with hazards and disasters, in order to maintain the functionality of its components, seems essential. In this regard, the present study aims to elucidate the components and indicators of physical resilience by using a systematic review of the literature in 5 stages (definition, search, selection, analysis, and synthesis). In the first step, by defining the concepts of resilience, key terms were extracted. In the second step, resources related to the research were searched in international and national databases in the period from September 2022 to February 2023. The initial search led to the identification of 315 resources, of which 53 resources were consistent with the research topic. In the third step, 41 resources were selected for final analysis in the period 2008-2023. In the fourth step, the findings were analyzed, and as a result, three components of network geometry with 39 indicators, wall geometry with 33 indicators, and land formation with 3 indicators were identified. Finally, the synthesis results in the fifth step showed that each of the mentioned components accounts for 52%, 44%, and 4% of the total indicators, respectively.
Fatemeh Sheikhzadeh; Jamileh Tavakolinia; Mohsen Shaterian
Abstract
The Iranian-Islamic city, like many cities in the world, has undergone adverse changes in dealing with modernity, including urban sprawl and its effects. At the end of the 20th century, intensive urban growth was proposed as an alternative development model to dispersion, which is also one of the proposed ...
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The Iranian-Islamic city, like many cities in the world, has undergone adverse changes in dealing with modernity, including urban sprawl and its effects. At the end of the 20th century, intensive urban growth was proposed as an alternative development model to dispersion, which is also one of the proposed strategies to improve the livability of cities. This research aims to identify and compare the components of the Iranian-Islamic city growth pattern in the past and contemporary period with the compact growth pattern of the city. So that its components can be used to increase the livability of Kashan city. The research data were collected using library and documentary studies and analyzed by content analysis method with inductive approach using Atlas.Ti qualitative analysis software. The findings show that the researchers believe that high density components, mixed use, encouraging walking and cycling, efficient public transportation, and the regeneration and revitalization of urban centers play a more colorful role in creating a compact city. In old Kashan, 24 of the 26 components examined (having a clear border, more social interaction, mixed society, preservation of agricultural land, mixed use, amenities and public facilities with appropriate productivity, encouraging walking and high density) are in accordance with the characteristics of the city's dense growth. Also, the analysis of the findings shows the contrast between the modern city of Kashan and the old Kashan in terms of growth pattern, except for some cases related to the old context.
Lida Seyedifar1; Mohammad Javad Amiri; Abdolreza Karbasi; Hossein Aghamohammadi
Abstract
In recent years, urbanization has been one of the most significant processes of change in society, which is usually accompanied by the destruction of agricultural and natural lands. In their decision-making processes to protect the urban environment, managers need to properly consider the extent and ...
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In recent years, urbanization has been one of the most significant processes of change in society, which is usually accompanied by the destruction of agricultural and natural lands. In their decision-making processes to protect the urban environment, managers need to properly consider the extent and direction of urban growth. The purpose of this study is to predict changes in urban land use in the city of Tabriz, using the SLEUTH urban growth model. The output of the model predicts the growth rate and direction of the city by 2050. The five coefficients obtained for the study area show that according to the historical scenario, the birth rate and the diffusion coefficient are dominant. The high rate of fertility in this area indicates that the probability of converting each urban cell to a city center diffusion cell is high, and as a result, the growth rate of the new diffusion center in the covered area is also high. The high emission coefficient indicates the high probability of new urban spots resulting from spontaneous growth and their transformation into new centers of urban growth. The results of validation using Kappa coefficient show that the modeling has an accuracy of 97.72%. The obtained results can be used to predict the change of urban land use. The obtained results are the outcome of instrumental rationality, and therefore their application requires a critical approach to them.
zohreh sadeghi; farhad azizpour; Asghar tahmasebi; Mohsen Sartipipour
Abstract
Suitable housing in rural areas is considered a key factor in sustainable development and the improvement of the quality of life for rural inhabitants. In this regard, the present study aims to, in addition to extracting indicators of sustainable housing based on the lived experiences of rural people, ...
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Suitable housing in rural areas is considered a key factor in sustainable development and the improvement of the quality of life for rural inhabitants. In this regard, the present study aims to, in addition to extracting indicators of sustainable housing based on the lived experiences of rural people, assess the current housing situation in the rural areas along the Zayandeh Rud River in Falavarjan Township. The research method in this study is descriptive-analytical, and it is applied in terms of purpose. Data were collected in the first phase of the research through semi-structured interviews with 30 rural households, and in the second phase through a survey of 373 rural households. Based on the findings, the research concludes that normative meta-narratives derived from common mentality based on deductive logic (such as the conceptual model of sustainable housing), considering regional-local requirements, especially the local community's perception of explanatory power, do not have the same explanatory power for all spaces. The psychological-environmental dimension is an aspect of sustainable housing that has been neglected in meta-narratives but emphasized by the local community. Furthermore, based on the expanded conceptual model, this study revealed that housing development in the studied geographical area is not integrated, coordinated, and sustainable.
sajedeh baghban khiabani; Mohammad Ajza Shokouhi
Abstract
Emphasizing the importance of sustainable urban development, the present study analyzes the futuristic approach and various factors of sustainability in the form of a system in districts one and two of Mashhad. The research follows a descriptive-analytical method using documents, questionnaires, interviews ...
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Emphasizing the importance of sustainable urban development, the present study analyzes the futuristic approach and various factors of sustainability in the form of a system in districts one and two of Mashhad. The research follows a descriptive-analytical method using documents, questionnaires, interviews and software analysis. Based on previous studies, 30 initial variables of sustainability were selected and then based on the opinions of 30 experts, six key variables in economic, socio-cultural, physical and environmental dimensions for district 1 and six key variables in economic and physical dimensions for district 2 in the impact matrix MICMAC software crossover was identified. Then, after defining the favorable, mediocre and catastrophic situations for each of the key variables, the experts were asked to consider the effects of situations on each other in the range of 3- to 3 with regards to conditions of the studied districts in order to use the SCENARIO WIZARD software for analyzing the present patterns of the studied areas. The results of this analysis predict a favorable scenario and a catastrophic scenario for district 1 and five favorable scenarios, a middle scenario and a catastrophic scenario for district 2. If the first scenario, which is the most favorable future for the progress of each district, is not realized, the middle scenario, which is in fact the current situation, and the catastrophic scenario, which is the destruction and reduction of sustainable factors, will be pursued. Although institutional sustainability does not play a key role in the sustainability of districts, but it strongly affects other variables of sustainability. According to the results of matrix analysis of cross-effects, physical, socio-cultural, economic and environmental dimensions play a key role in the sustainability of district one, and physical and economic dimensions play a key role in the stability of district two.
Jabar Sherafatpoor; Rahim Sarvar; Bakhtiar Eizatpanah
Abstract
A safe urban environment with suitable infrastructure to prevent crime and creation of psychological security in people increases the sense of presence in the place and increases the social interactions of citizens in the city. Then all sections of the society will be actively present in urban spaces ...
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A safe urban environment with suitable infrastructure to prevent crime and creation of psychological security in people increases the sense of presence in the place and increases the social interactions of citizens in the city. Then all sections of the society will be actively present in urban spaces at night without experiencing fear and crime. In this way, the vitality and livability of the urban space increases. Using the descriptive-analytical method, this article investigates the role of environmental design and urban planning in preventing crimes and improving security in the new city of Hashtgerd with the CPTED approach. Data were collected by documentary and field methods. The statistical population included the citizens of Hashtgerd (49,417 people), of them 380 samples were selected using Cochran's formula. Data analysis was done with TODIM multi-criteria decision making model and path analysis test and DPSIR model with the help of Excel and SPSS software. The findings showed that the status of urban design and planning components effective in improving Hashtgerd city security and crime prevention is acceptable with an average of 3.42. According to the DPSIR model with the weighting coefficients of the Todim model, the indicators of the subcategory of the "impact" component with a score of 0.724 have had the greatest impact on improving security and crime prevention. According to the path analysis test, the "answer" component by emphasizing the design of furniture and urban elements in public environments; making the neighborhood suitable for vulnerable groups; The lighting and legibility of the city, especially at night; and the management and protection of the environment with a direct effect of 0.527 is most related to the promotion of security and prevention of crime in Hashtgerd city.
Hamid Reza Rakhshaninasab; Mojtaba Soleimani Damaneh; Marzieh Sedaghat kish
Abstract
The housing sector has an important role in economic growth due to its strong relationship with other economic sectors. In the last two decades, the housing sector has faced sharp price fluctuations in urban areas of the country. Housing price instability is the most prominent feature of this sector. ...
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The housing sector has an important role in economic growth due to its strong relationship with other economic sectors. In the last two decades, the housing sector has faced sharp price fluctuations in urban areas of the country. Housing price instability is the most prominent feature of this sector. The present study evaluates and analyzes the effective components on the uncontrolled increase of urban housing prices in Zahedan. The research method is applied based on the purpose and descriptive-analytical based on the nature and method. Documentary and field survey methods have been used to collect information. The statistical population of the study consists of specialists and experts in the urban area of Zahedan, using the Delphi technique, 20 specialists were selected as a sample. The validity of the researcher-made questionnaire was confirmed by experts in the field and the reliability of the data was calculated by Cronbach's alpha test (0.927). To analyze the data, stepwise regression test and to determine the share of each of the factors affecting housing prices in Zahedan, multi-criteria DEMATEL, SWARA and BWM techniques have been applied. The results of stepwise regression showed that the physical index with beta coefficient of 0.302 had the greatest effect and the environmental index with beta coefficient of 0.118 had the least effect on increasing housing prices in Zahedan. The results of DEMATEL technique showed that the access index with a value of 29.594 has the highest interaction and the environmental index with a value of 28.378 has the lowest interaction. The economic index with a value of 1.926 is the most effective factor and the access index with a value of -3.685 is the most influential factor. The results of SWARA technique showed the status of the indicators affecting the increase of housing prices in Zahedan as follows: economic index with a final weight of 0.238 in the first rank, environmental index with a weight of 0.202 in the second rank, social index with a weight of 0.173 0 in the third rank, administrative index with a weight of 0.149 in the fourth rank, physical index with a weight of 0.128 in the fifth rank and finally access index with a weight of 0.111 in the sixth rank. The results of BWM technique also determined the status of the indicators in the following order: economic index with a value of 0.177 in the first rank, environmental index with a value of 0.176 in the second rank, social index with a value of 0.165 in the third rank, administrative index with a value of 0.164 in the fourth rank, physical index with a value of 0.163 in the fifth rank and finally access index with a value of 0.151 in the sixth rank.
abdolhamid nazari; Shahbakhti Rostami; Mostafa Taleshi; masoud khoran
Abstract
In geographical studies based on systemic approach, each area is considered as an open system in which villages and cities are the two main components of the residential system. Villages and cities have structures and functions that evolve through the interaction of the natural environment and human ...
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In geographical studies based on systemic approach, each area is considered as an open system in which villages and cities are the two main components of the residential system. Villages and cities have structures and functions that evolve through the interaction of the natural environment and human groups. These structures and functions in Marivan Township have undergone many changes due to government intervention and policies. Government interventions have taken the form of rural development and post-war reconstruction programs (expansion of communication networks), security, and the strengthening of economic foundations (opening of informal border markets). The aim of the present paper was to investigate the impact of the mentioned policies on the structural-functional changes of rural housing. The present study is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive-analytical in nature, and methodologically based on the positivist approach. The statistical population includes households living in 121 villages with more than 20 households (2016 census) in Marivan Township. The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula in two steps. First, 52 villages were selected by cluster sampling method in proportion to the share of the western and eastern areas of the township, 27 and 24 villages, respectively. Then, out of a total of 6305 households, 307 were selected by simple random sampling. The results showed that the housing in the western areas has undergone more structural and functional changes. According to the t-test, the average difference in changes related to the pattern of construction and form (4.64 units), biological elements (8.99 units) and livelihood (20.69 units) of rural housing in the western area is greater than the eastern part of the township.
Seyyed Mojtaba Ghazi Mirsaeed; Mohammad Talei; Somayyeh Abolhasani; Elham Alishah
Abstract
The issue of quality of urban life was one of the first areas of study that, along with urban growth and its problems, gradually came to the attention of urban experts in the 1930s. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality of life in the inner neighborhoods of Semnan city and to prioritize ...
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The issue of quality of urban life was one of the first areas of study that, along with urban growth and its problems, gradually came to the attention of urban experts in the 1930s. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality of life in the inner neighborhoods of Semnan city and to prioritize them. Accordingly, two categories of objective and subjective indicators for assessing the quality of life were evaluated. Objective indicators include land price, access to urban centers, income and household size, average unit area, access to green space, access to public transportation, and construction quality. The subjective indicators include criteria such as security, sense of belonging to the neighborhood, water quality, social relations and attractiveness of the neighborhood. Entropy method was used to determine the weight and significance of each indicator. Finally, TOPSIS method was used to prioritize the neighborhoods. Given that the assessments obtained from measuring the subjective and objective dimensions of quality of life may not match the current situation in the neighborhoods of Semnan, the opinions of urban planning experts of the municipality of Semnan as well as owners of real estate agencies were used in the form of a questionnaire. The obtained results were comparatively compared using two methods. The values obtained from this comparison showed that in 17 neighborhoods out of the 28 inner neighborhoods of the city, the expert opinions matched the findings of TOPSIS method, while in the other neighborhoods no significant difference was observed among the findings.
Mohammadjavad Safaee; Rahman Zandi; mahdi Zanganeh; Narges Sepehrisadr
Abstract
Urban sprawl is a well-known feature of most cities in developing countries. Unbalanced urban expansion towards the surrounding rural areas has led to the disorderly development of the city, the destruction of natural lands and the conversion of suitable agricultural lands to other uses. The current ...
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Urban sprawl is a well-known feature of most cities in developing countries. Unbalanced urban expansion towards the surrounding rural areas has led to the disorderly development of the city, the destruction of natural lands and the conversion of suitable agricultural lands to other uses. The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating and predicting land use changes in villages around Sabzevar city. The current research is descriptive-inferential in terms of its practical purpose, and analytical-composite research from the point of view of doing it. In this research, four major uses of built spaces, gardens, vegetation and barren spaces have been investigated and predicted. The time period of the images from 1985 to 2020 is considered to examine the changes in uses and to 2040 for forecasting. To process images, Kappa coefficient and Markov chain models have been used in GIS, ENVI, Tersset and SAGA programs. The results show that the development of built uses will cause changes in vegetation and garden classes and reduce barren land use. Markov model prediction shows that the area of built spaces in 1985 was equal to 13 square kilometers, which increased to 42 square kilometers in 2020 and is predicted to reach 54 square kilometers in 2040, with an annual growth of 1.3 percent.
Bahman Adibzadeh
Abstract
In the pathology of urban development, one of the most important fundamental limitations is the failure of urban plans to be realized. The present study is an attempt to recognize the failure of urban development plans, evaluate the role of citizen participation in their realization, and then consider ...
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In the pathology of urban development, one of the most important fundamental limitations is the failure of urban plans to be realized. The present study is an attempt to recognize the failure of urban development plans, evaluate the role of citizen participation in their realization, and then consider the demand balance model approach as an implementation model with the term win-win plan in Nematabad neighborhood in District 19 of Tehran metropolis. The model of balancing citizen demands attempts to plan and implement urban plans in the urban context of the neighborhood by creating a balance between short-term and long-term sustainable interests. The methodology of this research, utilizing the principles of participatory planning, forming consultative working groups with citizens, conducting in-depth interviews, and using a brainstorming model, identified and analyzed the factors affecting citizens' reluctance to participate, including economic costs, social factors, the land issue, specific life patterns, and weak enforcement of laws. In this regard, the results of the interviews were coded and analyzed, then the demand balance model was evaluated, and finally the application of win-win model was evaluated. The results indicate that the demand balance model method is based on fundamental factors such as cost, construction, participation standards, and local conditions in a systematic framework. The results show that the implementation of this model can be formulated through several steps such as feasibility assessment and identification of existing systems, conflicting demands, urban plan stakeholder groups, and designing a new functional system. Therefore, a win-win approach, or a demand balance model approach, is provided by utilizing the citizen participation sector organization and a link between the demands of urban management and citizens, and a sense of satisfaction is provided.
samaneh Dehghan; Hamed Beyti; Farhad Ahmadnejad; ََAzita Balali Oskouei
Abstract
Introduction Designing desirable housing requires accurate knowledge of users and understanding the changes in their ...
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Introduction Designing desirable housing requires accurate knowledge of users and understanding the changes in their needs in social and cultural contexts. One of the effective factors in this field is intergenerational differences that affect the formation of spatial and physical preferences of residents. The aim of this research is to explain the physical preferences of architecture in the field of housing, focusing on the role of intergenerational differences in Urmia city.MethodologyThis study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature and was conducted with a quantitative approach. Data were collected through library studies and field surveys, and the main tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability was established with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.902. The statistical population includes four generations of Urmia residents (the growing generation, Generation X, Generation Millennial, and Generation Z). The sample size was 384 people who were selected using the stratified-cluster sampling method. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and ANOVA, ANCOVA, and multivariate regression tests.ResultsThe findings show that the internal consistency of the items is favorable and there is a significant difference between generations in physical housing preferences (F=18.74, p<0.01). These differences are especially prominent in the physical-functional and physical-environmental dimensions. Younger generations have a greater tendency towards spatial flexibility, multiple functions, and smartization, and older generations emphasize spatial hierarchy, privacy, and functional separation.Discussion and ConclusionThe results also show that the generation variable still has a significant effect on physical housing preferences even after controlling for socio-economic factors and was identified as the strongest predictor of physical preferences
Diman Kashefidoost; Issa Ebrahimzadeh; mir najaf mosavi
Abstract
Green economy is one of the new topics in scientific societies in recent decades; its goal is human welfare and social justice by creating confidence in environmental protection along with economic growth. But achieving such a stage of sustainability depends on fully recognizing the ecological potential ...
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Green economy is one of the new topics in scientific societies in recent decades; its goal is human welfare and social justice by creating confidence in environmental protection along with economic growth. But achieving such a stage of sustainability depends on fully recognizing the ecological potential of each land as a platform for economic growth and development. Each region has a certain level of power and talent that must be evaluated before investing. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ecological potential of the land in order to achieve a green economy in the province of West Azarbaijan. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of methodology. First, a list of destructive factors and their severity in West Azarbaijan province was compiled by qualitative method and through interviews with 10 experts, and then the vulnerability of the province was calculated with the "Makhdoom" destruction model. After determining the three characteristics of the destruction model, the destruction coefficient in each of the land units was examined and analyzed. In total, the destruction coefficient for the province was estimated to be 36.92, which is in the sensitive range and requires protection measures. Then the ecological potential of the province in three areas of residential, tourism and industrial development has been studied. Using information layers and GIS software environment, effective factors in ecological potential assessment were determined, weighted, evaluated and the resulting layers were drawn, and finally an ecological capacity map was prepared for the three mentioned uses. A brief look at the research results indicates the difference in the ecological potential of the counties of the province and also the difference in the three components in each city. According to the results, in the field of ecological potential of residential development; Poldasht, Mako, Bukan counties have the most potential and Sardasht, Chaldoran and Takab counties have the least capacity. In the field of tourism, Poldasht, Sardasht and Shahindej counties have the most, and Salmas, Piranshahr and Oshnoyeh counties have the least potential. In terms of industry development capacity, Shut, Bukan and Miandoab counties have the highest capacity and Sardasht, Oshnoyeh and Chaldoran counties have the lowest capacity.
Farzad Babakanpour; Mohammadreza Rezaei; Ahmad Esteghlal; Mohammad Hossein Saraei,; SeyedAli Almodaresi
Abstract
Some factors such as the lack of strong urban management and lack of property control have prevented the urban body from expanding in a balanced way and has many adverse economic, physical and environmental consequences for cities. The aim of this study was to model the functional dimensions of urban ...
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Some factors such as the lack of strong urban management and lack of property control have prevented the urban body from expanding in a balanced way and has many adverse economic, physical and environmental consequences for cities. The aim of this study was to model the functional dimensions of urban management affecting the process of spatial dispersion in Yasuj. The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method. In the data preparation stage, the functional dimensions of urban management affecting the dispersal trend of Yasuj city were identified using the opinions of various experts through the Delphi method. For the Delphi team and the ISM team, 20 experts were selected by purposive sampling. Data analysis was performed by structural-interpretive modeling (ISM). The results showed that in terms of penetration power among the 16 identified indicators, the highest stimulus belonged to the agents monitoring the implementation of laws related to land use change and determining and monitoring the privacy and legal boundaries of the city with 16 and 15 penetration powers, respectively. The model of the present study also included 11 levels that the factor of monitoring the implementation of land use change rules (C2) was recognized as level eleven and the most effective factor. Based on the output of MicMac analysis; determining the legal boundaries of the city (C3), factors of construction supervision (C6), more access to municipal services (C1), monitoring the implementation of laws related to land use change (C2) are among the key independent and highly influential variables that affect the dispersal of Yasuj city. Therefore, urban management, as the main trustee in this field, should pay more attention to key independent components of physical performance.
Mostafa Taleshi; abdolhamid nazari; Mohammad Ali Moinfar
Abstract
One of the fundamental goals in physical development planning is to reduce the vulnerability of the constructed space to environmental hazards. One of the most important dangerous crises in the geographical space of the country is the occurrence of earthquakes and the resulting economic and social damages. ...
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One of the fundamental goals in physical development planning is to reduce the vulnerability of the constructed space to environmental hazards. One of the most important dangerous crises in the geographical space of the country is the occurrence of earthquakes and the resulting economic and social damages. The occurrence of the Bam earthquake in 2003 led to the implementation of the "Reconstruction Plan of Bam city and surrounding villages" in 2005, which has had thought-provoking changes in the planning and reconstruction of rural housing. This study intends to identify and analyze the evolution of housing and its basic functions in the structural-functional understanding of rural housing by physically examining and evaluating the mentioned plan. The present study is applied in terms of purpose with a "positivist" approach and is descriptive-analytical based on methodology. Information and data were collected through documentary and field methods in the form of questionnaires, observations and purposeful interviews. Data were recorded, processed and analyzed in statistical software and GIS environment. The statistical population of the study was the villages covered by the Bam city reconstruction plan. Twelve villages were selected using cluster sampling method based on the effect of earthquake penetration and the formation of a three-dimensional matrix. The three-dimensional matrix included: the number of households in the village, the distance of the village from the fault and the epicenter of the earthquake, and the amount of damage to the village. In the next step, the samples were determined based on Morgan table and finally, by distributing the researcher-made questionnaires in proportion to the weight of the population of each village, 354 questionnaires were completed by the heads of households. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were determined using experts in the field of rural planning and Cronbach's test (0.94), respectively. Findings show that in the housing pattern of the affected villages of Bam, fundamental changes have taken place in retrofitting and the type and location of materials, map, number of rooms and the level of infrastructure compared to before and after the earthquake. One of the results of the effectiveness of the reconstruction plan is the visible functional changes and the lack or incompatibility of some functions in the newly built houses. This means that pre-earthquake bio-subsistence housing has become purely post-reconstruction bio-housing. The role of the villagers in these developments has been very small, which has been due to the centralism of the project. In reviewing the design and reconstruction of rural houses at risk of earthquakes, the following should be considered: institutionalization of rural participation, utilization of indigenous knowledge, rural housing with socio-economic functions and especially the origins of special culture, planning and intervention in rural physical context and access to the pattern of sustainable rural housing.
mohsen shaterian; Razieh Karimi
Abstract
Public spaces are one of the most important elements of the city, where various cultural, social, and economic activities take place. These spaces create a lively city due to the creation of social interactions. The present study aims to know the influence of physical factors on social interactions. ...
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Public spaces are one of the most important elements of the city, where various cultural, social, and economic activities take place. These spaces create a lively city due to the creation of social interactions. The present study aims to know the influence of physical factors on social interactions. The study area includes the neighborhoods located in the old texture of Kashan city. The research is descriptive-analytical and a field survey was used to do it. The statistical population includes 51,576 residents of Kashan old texture and 200 sample were selected using Sample Power with a confidence level of 95% and a possible error of 5%. At the same time, using previous studies, a questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale was designed. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Classification and analysis of findings was done using SPSS software. Modeling has also been done using AMOS software. Based on the obtained results, there is no correlation between physical factors and social interactions in the Pearson correlation test, because in the old neighborhoods of Kashan, no attention has been paid to the collective and public spaces appropriate to the physical structure. The results obtained from the application of structural equations also indicate that social security and comfort variables have the highest factor loadings of 97% and 89%, respectively. This shows that with the increase of security, the comfort of residents also increases, that is, security affects comfort.
