Azadeh Gharaye; Esfandiyar Zebardast; Hamid Majedi
Abstract
Social sustainability is a subject that has attracted the attentions of researchers since the early years of 21st century. Social, economic, and ecological sustainability are considered as the three components of urban sustainable development. On the other hand, the urban form, as an important component ...
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Social sustainability is a subject that has attracted the attentions of researchers since the early years of 21st century. Social, economic, and ecological sustainability are considered as the three components of urban sustainable development. On the other hand, the urban form, as an important component of the city comprises communication networks, public transportation systems, pedestrian and bicycle accesses, spatial structures, spatial distribution of activities, housing and settlement size, natural phenomena and non-spatial aspects which all are important for studying and analyzing a city from different viewpoints. Considering the interdependence of the components of this concept with different dimensions of the city, its role on different aspects of sustainability, including social sustainability, would be indisputable. The emergence of urban sustainable development concept pushed the international NGOs and planners to introduce new frameworks for redesigning and reorganizing of cities in order to achieve the sustainability. A critical review of these approaches suggests a disagreement upon the most desirable form of urban sustainability. Social sustainability, due to its intangible nature as well as its focus of mankind and his interactions is subject for such contradictions. The present study was seeking to explain the relationships between the components of urban form and social sustainability in 22 districts of Tehran using a descriptive-analytic research method. Quantitative models such as factor analysis and linear regression as well as resident’s questionnaire (2200 questionnaires were completed among 22 districts of the city) and SPSS software helped the researchers to navigate this route. The findings of the present research showed that there is a significant relationship between the main factors of urban form and the factor of combined social sustainability indicators in all 22 districts of Tehran. Social sustainability indicators included citizen’s access to local services, social security, participation rates in social and group activities, interaction with other residents or social groups, residence satisfaction, and access to affordable housing for citizens. It was also determined that districts 5 and 6 had the highest scores in terms of social sustainability in Tehran.
Mostafa Ghadami; Yousef Bahrami; Mahsa Deylam Salehi
Volume 4, Issue 2 , September 2017, , Pages 45-56
Abstract
Rapid urbanization and urban population has increased the need for mobility and travel demand day by day and Prolongation of Travel times has caused to increase the contribution of private travel modes (auto), increase traffic, noise and air pollution due to the transport system. In this regard, It can ...
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Rapid urbanization and urban population has increased the need for mobility and travel demand day by day and Prolongation of Travel times has caused to increase the contribution of private travel modes (auto), increase traffic, noise and air pollution due to the transport system. In this regard, It can be said that widespread use of Automobile in cities, is a reflection of the increasing need to travel and the average its distance as a result of horizontal and widespread growth of cities and a disturbance in the structure order and urban spatial form and spatial distribution of activities. This research aimed to investigate the influence of physical form factors of urban styles on citizen's travel mode in the Sari city and to recognize the dominant patterns of travel. In this study, research type is applied- developmental and conducted by a "survey" method. Statistical society is 6 neighborhood of neighborhoods of Sari that 300 person were selected of these people by using Cochran formula and multi-stage cluster sampling method and were studied factors of mixed usage, connectivity and density in three form of compact, semi- compact and sprawl. This study, after analysis evidence acknowledges that urban form variables are effective factor in choosing citizen's travel mode in the Sari city. The results show that the "density" factor has the most effect on travel mode to the workplace in the compact form (EXP (B):5.533(. Also, "connectivity" factor had the most effect in the use of public transport on travel mode to the workplace respectively in semi- compact and sprawl form with quantities (EXP (B): 5.324) and (EXP (B): 5.130).
