Mohammad Taghi Imani Tanha; Mohammad Motamedi; Ramezan Ali Naderi Mayvan
Abstract
Abstract: Disaster management and sustainable development theories and perspectives aim to build resilient communities against natural hazards. As such, many researchers consider resilience one of the most critical factors in achieving sustainability. Physical resilience, particularly in housing, is ...
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Abstract: Disaster management and sustainable development theories and perspectives aim to build resilient communities against natural hazards. As such, many researchers consider resilience one of the most critical factors in achieving sustainability. Physical resilience, particularly in housing, is a key dimension influencing community resilience, as it allows for assessing the condition of communities based on physical and geographical characteristics during disasters. This study Assessing the Physical Resilience of Residential Zones in Jajarm City Against Earthquakes. The research is applied in purpose, quantitative in nature, and descriptive-analytical in method. Data were collected through library (documentary) studies, field surveys, and spatial data. The statistical population consisted of 20 experts (managers, professors, specialists, and professionals from disaster management-related organizations in Jajarm) selected through purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using ArcGIS software and the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method. The results indicate that out of Jajarm's 438-hectare urban area, 89 hectares (20.31%) are in a completely unsuitable condition, 122 hectares (27.85%) unsuitable, 105 hectares (23.97%) moderate, 67 hectares (15.29%) suitable, and only 55 hectares (12.55%) in a completely suitable condition.
Elmira Mosadeghzadeh; Mohammad Khalaj
Abstract
Morphotectonics is a science that determines the effect of active tectonics by using geomorphic indicators as a measurement and quantitative description of landforms and landscapes. Morphotectonics provides quantitative measurements that can be used to identify areas with active tectonics. In this study, ...
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Morphotectonics is a science that determines the effect of active tectonics by using geomorphic indicators as a measurement and quantitative description of landforms and landscapes. Morphotectonics provides quantitative measurements that can be used to identify areas with active tectonics. In this study, using quantitative morphometric indices obtained from morphotectonic studies, a part of Central Alborz (Marzanebad and Taleghan cities) has been studied and five hierarchical anomaly indices (a∆), branching index (R), Basin shape (Ff), drainage density (Dd) and roughness coefficient (Bh) were calculated in 19 drainage sub-basins. In these areas, each of these indices is classified into five groups: very high, high, medium, low and very low, and finally the relative active tectonic index (Iat) is obtained. Based on the results of this study, the Caspian, North Alborz, Dozdben and Kandovan and North Taleghan fault basins are in very high and high groups, which indicates the impact of these faults on the active tectonics of the region. Due to these high values, it is expected that the seismic risk of the region will increase due to fault rupture. The density of recent earthquakes in the region confirms this.
mohammad hosein pour hasan zadeh; Ghader Ahmadi
Abstract
Earthquake has historically been considered as a cause for vast destruction of buildings, casualties, and financial damages in Iranian cities. To prevent such a disaster it is necessary to construct resistant buildings and retrofitting the existing ones. The main aim of the present study was analyzing ...
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Earthquake has historically been considered as a cause for vast destruction of buildings, casualties, and financial damages in Iranian cities. To prevent such a disaster it is necessary to construct resistant buildings and retrofitting the existing ones. The main aim of the present study was analyzing the vulnerability of houses in Urmia against the earthquake and ranking the districts of the city using TOPSIS method. The applied method was descriptive-analytical and the type of research was applicable with a quantitative-qualitative approach. Documentary and field methods were applied to collect the required data. Based on TOPSIS method, the findings of the present study indicated that the average rate of vulnerability of houses for the whole city of Urmia was 0.485. The highest rate was belonged to district 4 with a TOPSIS score of 0.818 and the lowest one to district 1 with a score of 0.296. The score of district 5 was 0.338 which is considered as a moderated range of vulnerability against the earthquake.
Mohammadreza Karami; Sohrab Amirian
Volume 5, Issue 2 , September 2018, , Pages 110-124
Abstract
Risk zoning is an important approach to the pre-crisis management process, which assists planners and managers to be prepared for reducing vulnerability. The key issue is the selection of vulnerability criteria and how these criteria are combined. It is also important to select the suitable model ...
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Risk zoning is an important approach to the pre-crisis management process, which assists planners and managers to be prepared for reducing vulnerability. The key issue is the selection of vulnerability criteria and how these criteria are combined. It is also important to select the suitable model that can best illustrate the vulnerability. The city of Tabriz, from the viewpoint of size, industrial, economic, social and cultural conditions, is considered as the metropolis of northwest of the country, however, its proximity to a large and active fault has created an unfavorable condition for the city. In the present paper, using IDRISI and ArcGIS software, 15 selected criteria have been analyzed. Also, a combination of Fuzzy and AHP logic models were applied to analysis of vulnerability of urban areas and their population. The results showed that regions 10 and 1 of city municipality have the worst possible conditions respectively. Conformation of the results to the existing situation indicates the high accuracy of the chosen model for zoning the earthquake hazard.
Ali Eshgi; Hossein Nazmfar; Ata Gafari
Volume 4, Issue 4 , March 2018, , Pages 11-26
Abstract
The vast environmental damages of earthquakes have recently attracted more attentions to the concept of resilience to minimize the pernicious effects of such disaster. The present study evaluates the physical resilience in municipality region one of Tehran against the possible earthquakes. Using a descriptive-analytic ...
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The vast environmental damages of earthquakes have recently attracted more attentions to the concept of resilience to minimize the pernicious effects of such disaster. The present study evaluates the physical resilience in municipality region one of Tehran against the possible earthquakes. Using a descriptive-analytic method and GIS modeling, data were analyzed based on results obtained by network analysis process. The general resilience map of the region was drawn. Then a fuzzy technique was applied to the map to create different scenarios of earthquake magnitudes. The results indicated that in a probable earthquake of 6 Richter’s magnitude scale, 11.13 percent of constructions would locate at the low and very low resilience range. In such a scenario except two, other neighborhoods of the region would not be facing a serious vulnerability. With a probable 7 Richter’s scenario, the previous percentage would increase to 39. In a probable 8 Richter’s scenario, 52.29 percent of constructions would be faced with serious danger by which almost all rural textures fall in the very low range of resilience scale. Finally, in a probable 9 Richter’s scenario, 67.45 percent of constructions would fall at low and very low range of resilience scale. Most of them locate at areas of 1, 3, 4, 5 and 8 of the region.
Davood Mahdavi; Elham Hezarian
Volume 4, Issue 4 , March 2018, , Pages 27-45
Abstract
Human beings have always been subject to the natural hazards as a permanent part of their life. Among them, devastating earthquakes are responsible for a large number of human casualty and financial losses. About a quarter of rural populations in Iran live in villages close to active geological faults. ...
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Human beings have always been subject to the natural hazards as a permanent part of their life. Among them, devastating earthquakes are responsible for a large number of human casualty and financial losses. About a quarter of rural populations in Iran live in villages close to active geological faults. It necessitates a serious attention about the rate of vulnerability of such settlements. The present study aims to evaluate the physical vulnerability of rural settlements against earthquakes in Yazd County. A descriptive-analytical method is applied. Collected data include the spatial, graphical and locational data. Two models were used for data analysis: Topsis MDM and AHP. The results showed that all villages in Fajr rural district were less vulnerable against earthquake occurrence. In contrast, all villages in rural district of Allah Abad, except the village of Tamehr, were more vulnerable against earthquakes. Results also indicated that the age of most rural buildings were more than 20 years and their low-quality materials mainly include wood and mud. In addition, insufficient access to the networks and the lack of rural housing insurance are the other factors to increase the risk of vulnerability of rural settlements. For these reasons, it is necessary to encourage modernization and rehabilitation of buildings, selecting appropriate planning programs and supporting new ideas.
