Rostam Saberifar
Abstract
Access to healthcare services is considered a fundamental and universal human right, and any disruption in this regard threatens the well-being and welfare of society. The main assumption of this study is that in many areas, particularly in large metropolitan cities, equal access to such services is ...
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Access to healthcare services is considered a fundamental and universal human right, and any disruption in this regard threatens the well-being and welfare of society. The main assumption of this study is that in many areas, particularly in large metropolitan cities, equal access to such services is not available to most citizens. Consequently, those deprived of these services perceive themselves as disadvantaged and react negatively to this inequality. To test this assumption, the present study was conducted in Mashhad using a descriptive-analytical approach. The required data included the location of healthcare centers at different levels as well as their facilities and equipment, which were collected through fieldwork. The data were then analyzed using the P-median model and mapped with the aid of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The findings revealed that healthcare centers in Mashhad are not properly or accurately located across the city, and the facilities and equipment allocated to these centers are insufficient, forcing citizens to spend considerable financial and time resources to reach better-equipped centers. This situation not only leads to dissatisfaction and negative reactions among citizens but also contributes to traffic congestion, air pollution, and other environmental issues throughout the city. Therefore, a fundamental revision in the spatial distribution of healthcare centers, their equipment, and human resources is essential.
amirhossen shirazian; Mostafa Amirfakhriyan; mohammadrahim rahnama
Abstract
Achieving environmental quality criteria is not possible without considering the pattern of physical development. The quality of the place is one of the effective causes in the occurrence of various diseases, however, regarding specific diseases such as cancer, the studies conducted are in the first ...
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Achieving environmental quality criteria is not possible without considering the pattern of physical development. The quality of the place is one of the effective causes in the occurrence of various diseases, however, regarding specific diseases such as cancer, the studies conducted are in the first steps. The present study tries to measure the spatial patterns of cancer deaths in Mashhad and show that 1) What is the pattern of deaths? And 2) to what extent is it related to the quality characteristics of the environment? The study is descriptive-analytical and the study variables include 1) characteristics related to the deceased and 2) characteristics related to the quality of the environment (including air pollution and green space per capita). For this purpose, after developing a conceptual research model, by receiving information related to the deceased and the quality of the environment, a spatial database was created in the ArcGIS software environment. In the next step, using classical statistical models (correlation and t-test) and spatial statistics (spatial autocorrelation, orientation and spatial regression) data were analyzed. The results showed that the spatial pattern of the deceased did not follow the pattern of population distribution and the difference in the spatial pattern of the deceased according to gender and their average age at the neighborhood level. The use of spatial autocorrelation models showed two hot cores in the north and southwest of Mashhad and a cold core around the holy shrine. Which shows the need to pay attention to spatial differences. The results of correlation and spatial regression test indicated that the frequency of deaths in the neighborhoods is related to the average level of air pollution and green space per capita. However, the need for further studies at various intervals is suggested to confirm the findings.
Aliakbar Anabestani; Soudabeh Ahmadi
Abstract
The complete involvement of human sensory perceptions with space and the presence of meaningful elements in it, will be the basis for creating the quality of the environment in future times and will cause a collective awareness of the physical quality in question. The key purpose of this study is to ...
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The complete involvement of human sensory perceptions with space and the presence of meaningful elements in it, will be the basis for creating the quality of the environment in future times and will cause a collective awareness of the physical quality in question. The key purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of environmental perception on the physical planning of rural suburbs of Mashhad metropolis. . This research is descriptive-analytical in nature and applied in terms of purpose. Data collection was done by two methods: documentary and field. The field method is based on the distribution of questionnaires. The unit of analysis in this study is rural households. In the present study, according to Cochran's formula, 193 households out of a total of 4800 rural households living in 12 villages around the metropolis of Mashhad in the central part of the township have been studied. Based on the results of the research, according to the villagers, the level of physical planning of rural settlements in general with a value of T-7.66 was lower than the theoretical average of the research (ie 3). According to the results of Cumulative Weight Production Evaluation Model (WASPAS), Loghmani, Amrghan Toos and Arvand villages have the highest level of rural physical planning. According to the GRA model ranking results, Arvand, Loghmani and Amrghan Toos villages are ranked first to third. The results showed that there is a significant and direct relationship between the two variables (with a value of T equal to 7.394 and an acceptable level of significance); and a person's perception of the physical environment with an impact factor of 0.487 has a direct effect on rural physical planning. This indicates a direct relationship between people's perception of the environment and their mental image of the environment. Also, on the one hand, human perception of the environment affects physical planning, and on the other hand, the ability of environmental planning affects the individual's perceptions. Perception of the physical environment determines the factors of a person's reaction to the environment and causes the individual to prefer the natural environment, followed by the effectiveness of planning.
sajedeh baghban khiabani; Mohammad Ajza Shokouhi
Abstract
Emphasizing the importance of sustainable urban development, the present study analyzes the futuristic approach and various factors of sustainability in the form of a system in districts one and two of Mashhad. The research follows a descriptive-analytical method using documents, questionnaires, interviews ...
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Emphasizing the importance of sustainable urban development, the present study analyzes the futuristic approach and various factors of sustainability in the form of a system in districts one and two of Mashhad. The research follows a descriptive-analytical method using documents, questionnaires, interviews and software analysis. Based on previous studies, 30 initial variables of sustainability were selected and then based on the opinions of 30 experts, six key variables in economic, socio-cultural, physical and environmental dimensions for district 1 and six key variables in economic and physical dimensions for district 2 in the impact matrix MICMAC software crossover was identified. Then, after defining the favorable, mediocre and catastrophic situations for each of the key variables, the experts were asked to consider the effects of situations on each other in the range of 3- to 3 with regards to conditions of the studied districts in order to use the SCENARIO WIZARD software for analyzing the present patterns of the studied areas. The results of this analysis predict a favorable scenario and a catastrophic scenario for district 1 and five favorable scenarios, a middle scenario and a catastrophic scenario for district 2. If the first scenario, which is the most favorable future for the progress of each district, is not realized, the middle scenario, which is in fact the current situation, and the catastrophic scenario, which is the destruction and reduction of sustainable factors, will be pursued. Although institutional sustainability does not play a key role in the sustainability of districts, but it strongly affects other variables of sustainability. According to the results of matrix analysis of cross-effects, physical, socio-cultural, economic and environmental dimensions play a key role in the sustainability of district one, and physical and economic dimensions play a key role in the stability of district two.
rostam saberifar
Abstract
The present study has evaluated the important factors of environmental quality differences in residential areas of Mashhad with regard to social conditions and environmental disturbances by descriptive and analytical methods. Data were collected from a sample of 384 participants using a researcher-made ...
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The present study has evaluated the important factors of environmental quality differences in residential areas of Mashhad with regard to social conditions and environmental disturbances by descriptive and analytical methods. Data were collected from a sample of 384 participants using a researcher-made questionnaire. For this study, data on environmental conditions, disturbances, and social interactions were collected. The collected data were analyzed using various statistics, especially Chi-square test and generalized logistic regression in SPSS software. The results showed that traffic-induced pollution in neighborhoods has a high prevalence and other pollutants, depending on the type, are often point-based and each area has its own conditions. In determining the levels of spot pollution, underlying factors such as length of stay in the city, education, age and socio-economic status were decisive. So, that people with a better history of residence and socioeconomic status expressed dissatisfaction more than others regarding the severity of pollution, especially in relation to environmental dimensions (2.3-21.3), tensions (3.6-4.4), and social anomalies (2.0-4.4). Given the differences in the level of damages received by residents, how to intervene is fundamentally challenging. Under these circumstances, planning and solving environmental problems is easily possible, but controlling different sensitivities is extremely difficult.
masoomeh tavangar
Abstract
High-rise construction is one of the approaches based on new theories of urban development and the maximum use of valuable urban land. This approach has been adopted by urban managers and policymakers to meet the growing needs of the growing urban population. Mashhad is the second largest metropolis ...
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High-rise construction is one of the approaches based on new theories of urban development and the maximum use of valuable urban land. This approach has been adopted by urban managers and policymakers to meet the growing needs of the growing urban population. Mashhad is the second largest metropolis after Tehran and has a special political-administrative function as well as pilgrimage-tourism. In this respect, it is very attractive for the attraction of the population and the tourist. Therefore, high-rise construction is pursued as a grand strategy aimed at spatial development, with minimal land use and urban land reuse in urban development plans and programs. Adaptation of high-rise residence to the social and religious context of Mashhad requires identifying the challenges and weaknesses of this strategy that the present study was designed to respond to. This research is by nature an applied research. The research is a survey and its type of analysis is descriptive-comparative. In order to apply the results of the research, the proposed guidelines for eliminating social and cultural damages of high-rise buildings in Mashhad have been presented in the form of integrated land management model and high-rise construction in Mashhad.
Aliakbar Anabestani; Amin Fa'al Jalali
Abstract
Recognition and analysis of rural manager's supervision over construction in suburban villages is so important that planners currently use it to assess the extent of physical development in such areas. Developing regulations and supervising the various executive stages of rural construction is the most ...
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Recognition and analysis of rural manager's supervision over construction in suburban villages is so important that planners currently use it to assess the extent of physical development in such areas. Developing regulations and supervising the various executive stages of rural construction is the most important stage in rural management. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of supervision of rural managers (Dehyari) on improving the physical development of villages. Regression and correlation statistical tests were used to analyze the data and intelligent structural model was used to identify the effect of independent variables. The statistical population includes households living in rural villages of Tus district and the required sample size was 203 households which were determined using Cochran's statistical formula. Due to the large number of villages and the inability of researchers to study all of them, 12 villages out of 66 were selected based on the N0 formula. Variables such as; recognizing the characteristics and environmental conditions of the village, the obligation to obtain permits for construction, improvement of energy transmission lines, development of civil infrastructure, observance of public rights, observance of environmental principles, observance of safety principles, preservation of village values and observance of residential standards were considered as independent variables. The results showed that these independent variables with a coefficient of 0.35 have an effect on the dependent variable of physical development of the villages. However, the effect of the independent variable of guiding and warning signs during construction was not confirmed due to the low value of the obtained t-statistic, which is less than 1.96.
rostam saberifar
Abstract
The use of public transportation, along with benefits such as saving time, reducing fuel consumption, economic savings, reducing air pollution, reducing noise pollution, and proper safety, also increases the quality of urban life and increases social interactions. Therefore, understanding the demographic, ...
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The use of public transportation, along with benefits such as saving time, reducing fuel consumption, economic savings, reducing air pollution, reducing noise pollution, and proper safety, also increases the quality of urban life and increases social interactions. Therefore, understanding the demographic, technical-promotional and socio-cultural factors affecting the decision-making process of citizens in the use of public transport will play an important role in the planning and policy-making system in this area. In this study, to determine the behavior of citizens when using public transportation, a descriptive and analytical method with Tobit model has been used.The data was collected in 2019 and includes 300 citizens of Mashhad. The required data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. The results showed that the distance between the place of residence and the place of employment has a negative effect on the use of public transport system. But factors such as the presence of highly educated people in the family, access to bicycles, compliance with pollution control criteria at home, personal literacy and awareness of the long-term dangers of using a private vehicle, have positive impacts on the use of public transport systems. According to the findings, two suggestions were made: 1- Educating and informing citizens about the long-term dangers of private vehicles, and 2- Targeting literate households for citizenship education related to public transportation. These people can encourage citizens to be sustainable and protect the environment.
Narges Golestani; Hossein Rahimi
Abstract
Typically, the effects of various factors affecting the city's economy are reflected in the price of land and housing. In recent years, the role of rent-seeking and stock-exchange in the volatility and price fluctuations of the land and housing markets of Iranian cities, including Mashhad's metropolis, ...
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Typically, the effects of various factors affecting the city's economy are reflected in the price of land and housing. In recent years, the role of rent-seeking and stock-exchange in the volatility and price fluctuations of the land and housing markets of Iranian cities, including Mashhad's metropolis, has been far greater than the effects of inflation. It is important to identify the factors affecting the cost of housing and subsequently the factors affecting the formation of the stock market in this sector. Many people believe that the role of real estate consultants is unparalleled in creating price fluctuations and unusual housing speculation. This paper, while examining the factors affecting real estate stock exchange, examines the role of real estate firms in the expansion of the land and urban housing stock market from the perspective of real estate consultants themselves through a specific case study of District 12 of Mashhad. The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical and the statistical population includes real estate consultants working in the district 12 of Mashhad. Field information was collected through interview and questionnaire. The research findings and hypotheses were analyzed using one-sample t-test and Pearson correlation test in SPSS software. Based on the available information and the correlation coefficient obtained from the Pearson test for the owner's policy component and the t-test obtained from the one-sample t-test for the two components of the real estate agency and the municipal organization, it was identified that the real estate agencies do not play a significant role in the valuation and stock market of urban land and housing and are solely responsible for bringing the applicant and supplier together as mediators. Also, no significant relationship was found between owner policies and stock market expansion. However, there was a significant relationship between the impact of municipal organization on the pricing of urban land and housing in the sample group with the statistical population. This indicates the involvement of municipality as a public entity in the stock exchange of land and housing in the city.
Rahman Zandi; Mokhtar Karami; Jalal Taheri
Abstract
During the last four decades, the rapid growth of urbanization has dramatically transformed many natural phenomena. Such changes led eventually to changes in the Earth's surface temperature. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between land use changes and spatial variations ...
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During the last four decades, the rapid growth of urbanization has dramatically transformed many natural phenomena. Such changes led eventually to changes in the Earth's surface temperature. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between land use changes and spatial variations of thermal islands in Mashhad from 1998 to 2016. Thus, land surface temperature and land use changes of Mashhad were extracted using Landsat satellite imagery (1998- 2016). The CA Markov model has also been used to simulate and predict the expansion of Mashhad. From 1998 to 2016, the constructed area, green space, rangeland and barren lands are changed from 138.52, 46.49, 35.85 and 100.71 square kilometers to 198.87, 29.98, 31.29 and 64.62 square kilometers, respectively. Thermal islands in terms of number and extent in 1998 were less extensive and less synchronous than in 2016. In 1998 the maximum level of temperature was between 42 to 48 degrees Celsius but it reached 46 to 52 in 2016. With respect to the expansion of constructed area in the mentioned time period, the thermal islands are moved from outside of the city to the inside and have been overlapped with hard and impenetrable planes. The obtained results from the prediction illustrate that the expansion of city will occur in northwestern sides more than the others and it will be less in southern sides due to the existence of altitudes.
Aliakbar Anabestani; Mahdi Javanshiri; Soudabeh Ahmadi
Abstract
The security of rural residential areas as a common factor between human and environmental arenas is a necessity for promoting life quality of people. This factor is affected by the way that rural residential areas are designed and planned. The present study is aimed to evaluate the effects of physical ...
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The security of rural residential areas as a common factor between human and environmental arenas is a necessity for promoting life quality of people. This factor is affected by the way that rural residential areas are designed and planned. The present study is aimed to evaluate the effects of physical planning on security of rural residents in a rural area of Mashhad county, emphasizing their social security. Based on aim, the present study is an applied research and based on method and nature, it is a descriptive-analytical one. The unit of analysis is rural households of three rural districts namely Tabadkan, Tous, and Darzab which have been targeted for the rural conducted plans. Of 2356 rural households in the study area, 163 households were selected as sample by simple random sampling based on Cochran formula with an error equals to 0.075. To measure the security rate, 13 social indicators and 11 physical planning indices are applied. Some statistical tests were used for data analysis including Pearson Statistical Test, Single-sample T-test, Regression and Path Analysis. The results indicated that the mean of physical planning variable in sample villages was 2.06 which is a moderated figure tending to lower places of ranking. Based on the single sample T-test, the index of building quality with an amount of 8.15 was more considerable. The mean of social security variable was 3.42 which indicated a moderate situation for the studied villages. The lowest place of ranking was belonged to individual security with a mean of 2.73. Based on Pearson correlation results it was marked that there is a direct and significant relationship between physical planning and social security perception with a figure of 0.045. Also, the results of Path analysis indicated that the size of parcels with an effect coefficient of 0.255 and compatibility with an effect coefficient of 0.254 have had the highest impact on social security perception.
